Did you know that Kerala is the only state in India with a 100% literacy rate? This remarkable achievement is just one of many fascinating aspects of “God’s Own Country,” a nickname earned by Kerala’s breathtaking landscapes that blend misty mountains, serene backwaters, and pristine beaches. Nestled in the southwestern corner of India, Kerala offers travelers an intoxicating mix of natural beauty, rich cultural heritage, and unforgettable experiences that set it apart from anywhere else in the world.
Getting There & Planning Your Journey
Kerala is well-connected to the rest of India and the world through its three international airports. Cochin International Airport (the world’s first fully solar-powered airport) serves the central region, while Trivandrum International Airport in the south and Calicut International Airport in the north provide additional access points. Direct flights connect Kerala to major cities in the Middle East, Southeast Asia, and Europe, with connecting flights available from most international destinations.
For travelers already in India, Kerala is accessible via an extensive railway network, with major stations in Trivandrum, Kochi, Kozhikode, and Kannur. The state is also connected by national highways for those who prefer road travel from neighboring states like Tamil Nadu and Karnataka.
Essential Travel Documents
Most international travelers require a visa to visit India. E-visas are available for tourists from many countries and can be applied for online. Make sure your passport has at least six months of validity beyond your planned departure date. It’s also advisable to carry printed copies of your accommodation bookings and return tickets, as immigration officials may request them.
Best Time to Visit & Weather Tips
Kerala experiences a tropical climate with distinct seasons that can significantly impact your travel experience. Understanding the weather patterns will help you plan the perfect trip.
| Season | Months | Temperature | Rainfall | Best For |
| Winter | November to February | 22-32°C (72-90°F) | Minimal | All activities, peak tourist season |
| Summer | March to May | 28-36°C (82-97°F) | Occasional showers | Hill stations, wildlife viewing |
| Monsoon | June to September | 22-28°C (72-82°F) | Heavy | Ayurvedic treatments, budget travel |
| Post-Monsoon | October | 24-30°C (75-86°F) | Decreasing | Lush landscapes, fewer crowds |
Recommended Months to Visit
The ideal time to visit Kerala is from November to February when the weather is pleasantly cool and dry. This period offers the perfect conditions for exploring beaches, backwaters, and wildlife sanctuaries. October and March are shoulder months with good weather and fewer tourists.
Months to Avoid
June to August brings the heaviest rainfall during the southwest monsoon. While the landscape turns lush and green, outdoor activities may be limited, and some areas experience flooding. If you’re not a fan of extremely humid conditions, you might want to avoid April and May when temperatures peak.
Traveler Tip: If you’re interested in Ayurvedic treatments, the monsoon season (June-September) is traditionally considered the best time as the humid climate opens the pores and makes the body more receptive to herbal oils and treatments.
Getting Around Locally
Kerala offers diverse transportation options to suit every budget and preference. The state’s well-developed public transport system makes it relatively easy to explore both urban centers and rural areas.
Public Transportation
- State-run KSRTC buses connect all major towns and cities, with both ordinary and air-conditioned services available.
- The railway network provides a comfortable and scenic way to travel between major destinations.
- Auto-rickshaws (tuk-tuks) are ubiquitous in urban areas and operate on meters in larger cities.
- Water taxis and ferry services are common in the backwater regions, particularly around Alleppey and Kochi.
Private Transportation
- Taxis can be hired for day trips or longer journeys, with both app-based services (in cities) and traditional taxi stands available.
- Car rentals with drivers are popular for multi-day tours, offering flexibility and local knowledge.
- Motorcycle rentals are available in tourist areas for those comfortable navigating Indian roads.
Local Transport Tip: Download the Namma Yatri or Ola app for booking auto-rickshaws in major cities like Kochi and Trivandrum. These apps provide fixed prices and eliminate the need for haggling.
Where to Stay
Kerala offers an impressive range of accommodation options that cater to all budgets and preferences. From luxury resorts to authentic homestays, your choice of lodging can significantly enhance your Kerala experience.
Luxury Resorts
Kerala boasts world-class luxury resorts, particularly in destinations like Kumarakom, Kovalam, and Bekal. Many are set amidst stunning natural backdrops, offering premium amenities, Ayurvedic spas, and exceptional service. Prices typically range from ₹15,000 to ₹50,000 ($180-$600) per night.
Boutique Hotels
For a blend of comfort and character, boutique hotels in Kerala offer unique experiences. Many are housed in restored heritage buildings or feature distinctive architecture. These mid-range options are prevalent in Fort Kochi, Munnar, and Varkala, with prices between ₹5,000 and ₹15,000 ($60-$180) per night.
Homestays
For an authentic glimpse into Kerala life, homestays are unbeatable. Hosted by local families, they offer home-cooked meals and cultural insights you won’t find elsewhere. Popular in rural areas and backwater regions, homestays typically cost between ₹2,000 and ₹6,000 ($25-$75) per night, often including meals.
Unique Accommodation Experiences
Houseboats (Kettuvallams)
These traditional rice barges converted into floating accommodations offer a quintessential Kerala experience. Cruising the backwaters while staying overnight on a houseboat provides unparalleled views and tranquility. Prices range from ₹8,000 to ₹25,000 ($100-$300) per night, including meals and crew.
Tree Houses
Particularly popular in Wayanad and Thekkady, tree houses offer a unique stay amidst the canopy. These eco-friendly accommodations combine adventure with comfort, though facilities may be more basic. Expect to pay between ₹5,000 and ₹15,000 ($60-$180) per night.
Dining & Local Cuisine
Kerala’s cuisine is a flavorful journey through aromatic spices, fresh seafood, and tropical ingredients. The state’s culinary traditions have been shaped by its geography, history, and the diverse communities that call it home.
Must-Try Kerala Dishes
Savory Specialties
- Appam with Stew – Lacy, bowl-shaped rice pancakes served with a mild coconut-based vegetable or meat stew.
- Kerala Fish Curry – Fresh fish cooked in a tangy sauce of kokum, tamarind, and coconut milk.
- Karimeen Pollichathu – Pearl spot fish marinated in spices, wrapped in banana leaf, and grilled.
- Puttu and Kadala Curry – Steamed rice flour and coconut cylinders served with spicy black chickpea curry.
- Erissery – A thick curry made with pumpkin, beans, and coconut, seasoned with roasted coconut.
Sweet Treats
- Payasam – A sweet pudding made with milk, sugar, and ingredients like vermicelli, rice, or banana.
- Unniyappam – Deep-fried rice flour and jaggery dumplings with banana and coconut.
- Ela Ada – Rice parcels with sweet coconut and jaggery filling, steamed in banana leaves.
- Pazham Pori – Banana fritters, a popular evening snack with tea.
Dining Experiences
- Sadhya – A traditional feast served on banana leaves during celebrations, featuring over 20 different dishes.
- Toddy Shops – Local establishments serving fermented coconut palm sap alongside spicy fish and meat dishes.
- Street Food – Try local favorites like pazhampori (banana fritters), kozhukkatta (rice dumplings), and hot chai from roadside stalls.
- Seafood Restaurants – Coastal areas offer the freshest seafood, often with the option to select your fish before it’s prepared.
Culinary Tip: Eating with your hands is traditional in Kerala. Use only your right hand, form the food into small portions with your fingertips, and push it into your mouth with your thumb. Restaurants will provide water and soap for washing hands before and after meals.
Attractions, Sightseeing & Activities
Kerala offers a diverse range of attractions that cater to all interests, from nature lovers and adventure seekers to history buffs and spiritual travelers. Here are the top attractions and activities you shouldn’t miss:
Backwater Experiences
Kerala’s backwaters are a network of interconnected canals, rivers, lakes, and inlets formed by more than 900 km of waterways. The most popular backwater destinations include:
- Alleppey (Alappuzha) – Known as the “Venice of the East,” it’s the hub for houseboat cruises through picturesque canals and villages.
- Kumarakom – A cluster of little islands on Vembanad Lake, offering luxury resorts and a renowned bird sanctuary.
- Kollam – Less crowded than Alleppey, it offers more authentic backwater experiences and the famous eight-hour boat trip to Alleppey.
Hill Stations & Tea Plantations
- Munnar – Surrounded by rolling hills covered with tea plantations, Munnar offers cool temperatures and stunning vistas. Visit the Tea Museum and take a guided tour of a working plantation.
- Wayanad – A rural district with misty peaks, spice plantations, and wildlife sanctuaries. Perfect for trekking and exploring caves.
- Vagamon – An emerging hill station with meadows, pine forests, and three hills of religious significance to Hindus, Muslims, and Christians.
Beaches & Coastal Areas
- Kovalam – A crescent-shaped beach with lighthouse views, water sports, and Ayurvedic centers.
- Varkala – Unique cliff-backed beach with natural springs, popular with both pilgrims and tourists.
- Bekal – Home to the imposing Bekal Fort and pristine beaches, less crowded than southern beaches.
- Marari – A quiet fishing village with a beautiful beach, perfect for those seeking tranquility.
Museums, Cultural Spots & Festivals
Kerala’s rich cultural heritage is reflected in its museums, historical sites, and vibrant festivals. Immersing yourself in these cultural experiences provides deeper insights into the state’s unique identity.
Museums & Heritage Sites
- Kerala Folklore Museum (Kochi) – A private museum showcasing over 4,000 artifacts including masks, costumes, and musical instruments.
- Hill Palace Museum (Tripunithura) – The largest archaeological museum in Kerala, housed in the former royal residence of Kochi maharajas.
- Mattancherry Palace (Kochi) – Also known as the Dutch Palace, featuring murals depicting scenes from the Ramayana and Mahabharata.
- Krishnapuram Palace (Kayamkulam) – An 18th-century palace known for its architecture and the largest mural painting in Kerala.
Cultural Performances
Kerala is renowned for its classical and folk art forms, many of which combine elements of dance, drama, music, and ritual:
- Kathakali – A classical dance-drama known for elaborate costumes, expressive facial movements, and stories from Hindu epics.
- Mohiniyattam – A graceful classical dance form performed by women, characterized by swaying movements and white costumes with gold borders.
- Kalaripayattu – One of the world’s oldest martial art forms, combining combat techniques with agility and physical discipline.
- Theyyam – A ritual dance form of northern Kerala where performers are believed to embody deities.
Major Festivals
| Festival | Time of Year | Description |
| Onam | August-September | Kerala’s harvest festival featuring floral carpets (pookkalam), boat races, traditional dances, and elaborate feasts. |
| Thrissur Pooram | April-May | Spectacular temple festival with decorated elephants, percussion ensembles, and fireworks. |
| Theyyam Season | November-May | Ritual performances in temples of northern Kerala where artists embody deities. |
| Boat Races | August-September | Competitive snake boat races including the famous Nehru Trophy Boat Race in Alleppey. |
Nature & Outdoor Experiences
Kerala’s diverse ecosystems offer abundant opportunities for nature lovers and adventure enthusiasts. From wildlife sanctuaries to mountain treks, the state’s natural attractions provide unforgettable experiences.
Wildlife Sanctuaries & National Parks
- Periyar Tiger Reserve (Thekkady) – Kerala’s most popular wildlife sanctuary, home to tigers, elephants, sambar deer, and over 265 bird species. Boat safaris on Periyar Lake offer excellent wildlife viewing opportunities.
- Silent Valley National Park – A biodiversity hotspot with one of the last undisturbed tracts of South Western Ghats mountain rainforests, home to lion-tailed macaques and numerous endemic species.
- Wayanad Wildlife Sanctuary – Part of the Nilgiri Biosphere Reserve, it shelters elephants, deer, tigers, and leopards. The sanctuary is known for its bamboo forests and deciduous vegetation.
Waterfalls & Natural Attractions
- Athirappilly Falls – Often called the “Niagara of India,” these 24-meter (80-foot) falls are surrounded by lush forest and have featured in numerous films.
- Soochipara Falls (Sentinel Rock Waterfall) – A three-tiered waterfall in Wayanad with pools suitable for swimming.
- Chembra Peak – Wayanad’s highest peak (2,100 meters/6,890 feet) features a heart-shaped lake and offers panoramic views of the district.
- Ashtamudi Lake – The second largest wetland ecosystem in Kerala, known for its eight arms and rich biodiversity.
Adventure Activities
For those seeking an adrenaline rush, Kerala offers various adventure activities across its diverse landscapes:
Water Adventures
- Kayaking – Navigate the narrow canals of the backwaters for an intimate exploration experience.
- White Water Rafting – Available on the Tejaswini River in Kannur during monsoon season.
- Parasailing – Try this at beaches like Payyambalam and Muzhappilangad.
- Scuba Diving – Explore marine life at Kovalam and Varkala beaches.
Land Adventures
- Trekking – Popular trails include Chembra Peak, Meesapulimala, and Pakshipathalam.
- Rock Climbing – Try this at Munnar and Wayanad’s rocky terrains.
- Bamboo Rafting – Experience this unique activity in Periyar Tiger Reserve.
- Mountain Biking – Explore the hills of Munnar and Wayanad on two wheels.
Safety, Etiquette & Local Customs
Understanding local customs and practicing appropriate etiquette will enhance your Kerala experience while showing respect for the local culture. Here are some important guidelines to keep in mind:
Cultural Etiquette
- Dress Modestly – Kerala is relatively conservative. In public places, both men and women should cover shoulders and knees. At beaches, swimwear is acceptable, but avoid walking through towns in beachwear.
- Temple Etiquette – Remove shoes before entering temples and mosques. Some Hindu temples restrict entry to non-Hindus or have specific dress codes, so check before visiting.
- Greetings – The traditional greeting is “Namaste” with palms pressed together. Many Keralites also use “Hello” or “Hi” in tourist areas.
- Photography – Always ask permission before photographing people, especially during religious ceremonies. Some temples prohibit photography inside.
Safety Tips
- Health Precautions – Drink only bottled or purified water. Use mosquito repellent, especially in coastal and backwater areas. Consider vaccinations for hepatitis A, typhoid, and Japanese encephalitis before travel.
- Transportation Safety – Use registered taxis or reputable ride-sharing apps. If renting a vehicle, drive defensively and be prepared for different road rules than you might be used to.
- Natural Hazards – During monsoon season, be cautious of flash floods and landslides in hilly areas. At beaches, observe warning flags and avoid swimming in areas with strong currents.
- Emergency Numbers – Police: 100, Ambulance: 108, Tourist Police (Kochi): +91 484 2395818
Responsible Tourism: Kerala is a pioneer in responsible tourism initiatives in India. Support these efforts by choosing eco-friendly accommodations, respecting wildlife, avoiding single-use plastics, and participating in community-based tourism activities that benefit local populations.
Visitor Comments About Kerala
“Kerala’s backwaters exceeded all my expectations. Spending a night on a houseboat watching the sunset while local fishermen cast their nets was magical. The food prepared by our onboard chef was some of the best I’ve had in India—fresh fish curry and appam that I still dream about!”
“Don’t miss Munnar’s tea plantations! We hired a guide who explained the entire tea-making process and let us try our hand at picking leaves. The views of endless green hills shrouded in mist were absolutely breathtaking. A perfect escape from the heat of the lowlands.”
“As a solo female traveler, I found Kerala to be one of the safest and most welcoming places I’ve visited. The homestay experience in Kumarakom gave me genuine insights into local life. My host family taught me to cook Kerala-style fish curry and introduced me to their neighbors. These personal connections made my trip truly special.”
Additional Nearby Destinations
While Kerala offers enough attractions to fill weeks of exploration, you might want to consider these nearby destinations that complement a Kerala itinerary:
Kanyakumari
Located at India’s southernmost tip in neighboring Tamil Nadu, Kanyakumari is just 85 km from Trivandrum. This pilgrimage site offers the unique experience of witnessing sunrise and sunset over three converging seas—the Arabian Sea, Bay of Bengal, and Indian Ocean. Visit the Vivekananda Rock Memorial and the towering Thiruvalluvar Statue.
Kodaikanal
This hill station in Tamil Nadu (about 260 km from Munnar) offers a different mountain experience with its star-shaped lake, pine forests, and colonial architecture. The cooler climate makes it a refreshing addition to a Kerala trip, especially during summer months.
Coorg (Kodagu)
Often called the “Scotland of India,” this misty coffee-growing region in Karnataka is approximately 270 km from Wayanad. Known for its coffee plantations, waterfalls, and the distinctive culture of the Kodava people, Coorg makes an excellent extension for nature lovers.
Practical Travel Tips
Money Matters
- Currency – The Indian Rupee (₹) is the local currency. ATMs are widely available in cities and tourist areas, but carry some cash when visiting rural areas.
- Tipping – A 5-10% tip is appreciated in restaurants if service charge isn’t included. For guides and drivers, ₹300-500 per day is customary.
- Bargaining – Expected in markets and with street vendors, but not in fixed-price shops or restaurants. Start by offering 50-60% of the asking price.
Connectivity
- Mobile Service – Purchase a local SIM card for affordable data and calls. Major providers include Airtel, Jio, and Vodafone. You’ll need your passport and a passport-sized photo.
- Wi-Fi – Available in most hotels and many cafes, though speed and reliability vary. Consider downloading offline maps and translation apps before traveling to remote areas.
Language
Malayalam is the official language of Kerala, but English is widely understood in tourist areas and by educated Keralites. Learning a few basic Malayalam phrases can enhance your experience:
| English | Malayalam | Pronunciation |
| Hello | നമസ്കാരം | Namaskaram |
| Thank you | നന്ദി | Nandi |
| Yes/No | അതെ/അല്ല | Athe/Alla |
| How much? | എത്ര രൂപ? | Ethra roopa? |
Packing Essentials
- Clothing – Lightweight, breathable fabrics; modest attire for temples; rain gear during monsoon season; light sweater for hill stations.
- Health Items – Sunscreen, insect repellent, basic first-aid kit, prescription medications, reusable water bottle with filter.
- Electronics – Universal adapter (India uses 230V, 50Hz with Type C, D, and M plugs), power bank, waterproof case for backwater trips.
Eco-Friendly Tip: Kerala is making efforts to reduce plastic waste. Carry a reusable water bottle, cloth shopping bag, and refuse plastic straws to support these initiatives.
The Enchanting Tapestry of Kerala Awaits
As you plan your journey to Kerala, remember that this remarkable state offers more than just picturesque landscapes and tourist attractions—it provides a sensory feast and spiritual renewal. From the moment you arrive, you’ll be embraced by the warmth of Keralite hospitality, tantalized by the aromas of spice-laden cuisine, and soothed by the gentle rhythm of life that flows like the backwaters themselves.
Whether you’re gliding through serene canals on a traditional houseboat, wandering amidst emerald tea plantations in the misty highlands, or simply watching the sunset paint the Arabian Sea in golden hues, Kerala offers moments of tranquility and wonder that will stay with you long after you’ve returned home. This is a land where nature’s abundance meets cultural richness, creating an experience that nourishes both body and soul.
As the Keralites say, “Varika, varika, swagatha” (Come, come, you are welcome). God’s Own Country awaits your discovery.
The above is subject to change.
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