Spanning an impressive 867,000 acres across 26 counties in Georgia, the Chattahoochee-Oconee National Forest boasts over 850 miles of recreational trails and 1,367 miles of pristine trout streams—more than any other location in the state. This natural wonderland serves as the starting point for the famous Appalachian Trail and houses Georgia’s tallest waterfall, making it a paradise for outdoor enthusiasts seeking adventure in the Southeast.
About the Chattahoochee-Oconee National Forest
The Chattahoochee-Oconee National Forest combines two distinct forests: the larger Chattahoochee National Forest (750,000+ acres) in North Georgia’s mountains and the Oconee National Forest (116,000+ acres) in eastern Georgia. Protected by the U.S. Forest Service, this expansive wilderness draws nearly 3 million visitors annually.
Established in 1936 by President Franklin D. Roosevelt, the Chattahoochee portion was named after the Chattahoochee River, with “Chatta” meaning stone and “ho chee” meaning marked or flowered in Muscogee Creek dialect. The Oconee National Forest was later established in 1959 by President Dwight D. Eisenhower, completing what we now know as one of the largest national forests east of the Mississippi River.
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Getting There & Planning Your Journey
The Chattahoochee-Oconee National Forest is easily accessible from Atlanta, Georgia’s capital city. From Atlanta, the southern portions of the forest are just a 1.5-hour drive north, while the more remote northern sections may take 2-3 hours to reach. The closest major airport is Hartsfield-Jackson Atlanta International Airport.
The forest is divided into four ranger districts: Blue Ridge, Chattooga River, and Conasauga in the Chattahoochee portion, and the Oconee Ranger District in the eastern section. For the most comprehensive information, consider stopping at the Forest Supervisor’s Office in Gainesville (1755 Cleveland Highway) before heading into the wilderness.
Best Times to Visit
Each season offers unique experiences in the Chattahoochee-Oconee National Forest:
- Spring (March-May): Wildflowers bloom and waterfalls reach peak flow
- Summer (June-August): Perfect for swimming, camping, and water activities
- Fall (September-November): Spectacular foliage with comfortable hiking temperatures
- Winter (December-February): Quieter trails and occasional snow at higher elevations
Essential Planning Tips
- Check the official Forest Service website for alerts and closures
- Download offline maps as cell service is limited in many areas
- Pack plenty of water, snacks, and appropriate gear
- Follow Leave No Trace principles to protect the environment
- Inform someone of your itinerary if heading to remote areas
Need Transportation?
Rent a vehicle to explore the forest’s scenic roads and remote trailheads at your own pace.
Top Attractions & Things to Do
Must-Visit Waterfalls
Anna Ruby Falls
Located near Helen, this spectacular twin waterfall features a paved 0.9-mile trail that’s wheelchair accessible. The visitor center offers information, souvenirs, and refreshments. Admission is $5 per person (16+ years).
Amicalola Falls
Georgia’s tallest waterfall drops an impressive 729 feet through seven cascades. The surrounding park offers various hiking trails ranging from easy to challenging, including access to the start of the Appalachian Trail.
Helton Creek Falls
Perfect for families, this easily accessible waterfall features a short 0.15-mile trail leading to upper and lower falls with swimming areas. Arrive early during summer months as the small parking area fills quickly.
Iconic Mountain Experiences
Brasstown Bald
Georgia’s highest peak (4,784 feet) offers breathtaking 360-degree views across four states. The visitor center features exhibits and a shuttle service to the summit. The 0.6-mile paved trail to the top is moderately challenging but worth the effort.
Blood Mountain
Georgia’s highest point on the Appalachian Trail offers challenging hiking and rewarding views. The 4.3-mile loop trail from Vogel State Park provides a perfect day hike with spectacular vistas of the surrounding wilderness.
Preacher’s Rock
This popular day hike along the Appalachian Trail spans just 2 miles round-trip with 436 feet of elevation gain. Starting from Woody Gap parking area, the trail offers spectacular views of the rolling Blue Ridge Mountains.
Explore More Activities
Discover guided tours, equipment rentals, and unique experiences in the Chattahoochee-Oconee National Forest.
Outdoor Recreation Opportunities
Hiking & Backpacking
With over 850 miles of trails, the Chattahoochee-Oconee National Forest offers hiking experiences for all skill levels. The forest contains portions of four long-distance trails, including the world-famous Appalachian Trail, which begins its 2,190-mile journey to Maine at Springer Mountain within the forest.
Popular Hiking Trails
- Appalachian Trail: 79 miles through Georgia with multiple access points
- Bartram Trail: 37 miles of moderate to difficult terrain
- Raven Cliff Falls Trail: 5-mile round trip to a spectacular 90-foot waterfall
- Coosa Backcountry Trail: Challenging 12.5-mile loop with significant elevation changes
- Dockery Lake Trail: Easy 1.2-mile loop around a scenic mountain lake
Water Activities
The forest’s numerous rivers, streams, and lakes provide excellent opportunities for:
- Fishing in over 1,367 miles of trout streams
- Swimming at designated beaches like Lake Conasauga
- Canoeing and kayaking on the Chattahoochee, Toccoa, and Chattooga Rivers
- Whitewater rafting on the Wild and Scenic Chattooga River
- Tubing down the gentle sections of the Chattahoochee River
Scenic Drives
Explore the forest’s beauty from the comfort of your vehicle on these scenic routes:
- Russell-Brasstown National Scenic Byway: 40-mile loop around the headwaters of the Chattahoochee River
- Ridge and Valley Scenic Byway: 51-mile journey through the Armuchee Ridges
- Cohutta-Chattahoochee Scenic Byway: 54-mile route showcasing the Cohutta Mountains
Mountain Biking & Horseback Riding
Cyclists can explore designated mountain biking trails like the Aska Trail System, Bull Mountain Trail, and Mountaintown Creek Trail. For equestrians, the forest offers numerous horse-friendly routes including the Willis Knob Horse Trails and Iron Mountain Trail, with nearby stables offering guided trail rides for visitors without their own horses.
Where to Stay
Campgrounds
The forest features 33 developed campgrounds with approximately 500 campsites. Popular options include:
- Lake Winfield Scott: Scenic lakeside camping with swimming beach
- Tallulah River Campground: Peaceful sites along the river
- DeSoto Falls Recreation Area: Camping near beautiful waterfalls
- Lake Conasauga: Georgia’s highest lake with surrounding campsites
Most campgrounds are first-come, first-served, though some accept reservations through Recreation.gov.
Cabins & Lodges
For those seeking more comfort, cabin rentals are available in and around the forest. Options range from rustic Forest Service cabins to fully-equipped private rentals in nearby communities like Helen, Blue Ridge, and Ellijay.
Nearby Towns
Several charming mountain towns provide convenient bases for exploring the forest:
- Helen: Bavarian-themed town with restaurants and shops
- Dahlonega: Historic gold rush town with wineries
- Blue Ridge: Scenic mountain town with dining and shopping
- Clayton: Gateway to the Chattooga River section
Find Your Perfect Stay
From forest campgrounds to cozy mountain cabins, book the ideal accommodation for your Chattahoochee-Oconee adventure.
Practical Information
Visitor Centers
Two main visitor centers provide information and exhibits:
- Brasstown Bald Visitor Information Center: Open daily 10:00 a.m. – 5:00 p.m. ($5 entry fee)
- Anna Ruby Falls Visitor Center: Open daily 9:00 a.m. – 5:00 p.m. ($5 entry fee)
The Forest Supervisor’s Office in Gainesville (770.297.3000) also provides comprehensive information about the entire forest.
Safety Tips
- Carry plenty of water and snacks on all hikes
- Check weather forecasts before heading out
- Store food properly to avoid attracting wildlife
- Be aware that black bears inhabit the forest
- Let someone know your itinerary when exploring remote areas
- Carry a map as cell service is limited throughout the forest
Wildlife & Conservation
The Chattahoochee-Oconee National Forest is home to diverse wildlife including black bears, white-tailed deer, wild turkeys, and numerous bird species. The forest also protects 29 threatened or endangered species. When visiting, practice Leave No Trace principles to help preserve this precious ecosystem for future generations.
What permits do I need to visit the Chattahoochee-Oconee National Forest?
Most day-use areas in the forest don’t require permits, though some recreation sites like Anna Ruby Falls and Brasstown Bald charge entrance fees ($5 per person). For hunting and fishing, you’ll need appropriate Georgia licenses. Backcountry camping is generally permitted without permits, but group sizes may be restricted in wilderness areas.
When is the best time to see fall colors in the forest?
Peak fall foliage typically occurs from mid-October to early November, with higher elevations changing first. The Russell-Brasstown Scenic Byway and the area around Brasstown Bald offer some of the most spectacular autumn views.
Are there any accessible trails for visitors with mobility limitations?
Yes, several trails are accessible, including the paved path to Anna Ruby Falls and the Lion’s Eye Trail, which features braille signage. The Brasstown Bald summit can be reached via shuttle service, and some recreation areas offer accessible fishing piers and picnic facilities.
Plan Your Visit to Chattahoochee-Oconee National Forest
The Chattahoochee-Oconee National Forest offers an incredible diversity of outdoor experiences, from challenging hikes along the Appalachian Trail to peaceful moments beside cascading waterfalls. Whether you’re seeking adventure, relaxation, or a deeper connection with nature, this magnificent wilderness area provides countless opportunities to create lasting memories.
As you plan your journey to this natural treasure in North Georgia, remember that each season brings its own unique charm—spring wildflowers, summer swimming holes, autumn foliage, or the quiet solitude of winter. Pack your hiking boots, bring your camera, and prepare to be amazed by one of the Southeast’s most spectacular natural landscapes.
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