Did you know that Gafsa is home to some of North Africa’s oldest continuously used Roman swimming pools, dating back over 1,800 years? This hidden gem in Tunisia’s southwest has been a desert oasis since prehistoric times, with archaeological evidence of human habitation dating back 7,000 years. Today, this fascinating city offers travelers a perfect blend of ancient history, stunning desert landscapes, and authentic cultural experiences far from the typical tourist crowds.
The historic Roman pools of Gafsa date back to the 2nd century
Getting There & Planning Your Journey
Gafsa is located in southwestern Tunisia, approximately 369 km from the capital Tunis. While somewhat remote, the city is accessible through several transportation options that make the journey part of the adventure.
By Air
The nearest airport is Gafsa-Ksar International Airport (GAF), located about 15 km from the city center. However, flights are limited, and most international travelers find it more convenient to fly into Tunis-Carthage International Airport and continue their journey by land.
By Train or Bus
Tunisia’s national railway company (SNCFT) operates regular train services from Tunis to Gafsa. The journey takes approximately 7-8 hours and offers scenic views of the changing landscape. Alternatively, louage (shared taxis) and intercity buses connect Gafsa to major cities like Tunis, Sfax, and Tozeur.
Best Time to Visit & Weather Tips
Gafsa experiences a desert climate with extremely hot summers and mild winters. The best times to visit are during spring (March to May) and fall (September to November) when temperatures are pleasant for sightseeing and outdoor activities.
| Season | Temperature | Precipitation | Recommendation |
| Spring (Mar-May) | 18-30°C (64-86°F) | Low | Ideal for sightseeing |
| Summer (Jun-Aug) | 25-40°C (77-104°F) | Very low | Avoid midday activities |
| Fall (Sep-Nov) | 15-32°C (59-90°F) | Low | Perfect weather |
| Winter (Dec-Feb) | 5-18°C (41-64°F) | Moderate | Good for budget travel |
Packing Tips
- Lightweight, breathable clothing for daytime
- Warmer layers for cool desert evenings (especially in winter)
- Sun protection (hat, sunglasses, high SPF sunscreen)
- Comfortable walking shoes for exploring ruins and the medina
- Modest clothing for visiting religious sites (shoulders and knees covered)
- Reusable water bottle to stay hydrated in the desert climate
Getting Around Locally
Gafsa is a relatively compact city, making it easy to explore many attractions on foot. However, for more distant sites or to save energy in the heat, several transportation options are available.
Walking
The medina and city center are best explored on foot. Most major attractions are within walking distance of each other, allowing you to soak in the local atmosphere.
Taxis
Yellow taxis are readily available and affordable for getting around Gafsa. Always ensure the meter is running or negotiate the fare before starting your journey.
Car Rental
Renting a car gives you the freedom to explore Gafsa and the surrounding region at your own pace, including nearby attractions like Chott el Jerid and the mountain oases.
Map of Gafsa, Tunisia
Where to Stay in Gafsa
While Gafsa doesn’t offer the same range of accommodations as Tunisia’s coastal resorts, you’ll find several comfortable options ranging from budget-friendly guesthouses to mid-range hotels.
City Center Hotels
Staying in the city center puts you within walking distance of the Roman pools, Great Mosque, and medina. Hotel Jugurtha Palace and Hotel Gafsa Palace are popular mid-range options with modern amenities.
Budget Options
Several small guesthouses and budget hotels offer clean, basic accommodations at affordable rates. Many include breakfast and provide an authentic local experience with personalized service.
Nearby Luxury
For those seeking more luxurious accommodations, consider staying in nearby Tozeur (about 1.5 hours away), which offers several high-end hotels with pools and desert views, making it a good base for day trips to Gafsa.
Dining & Local Cuisine
Gafsa offers a taste of authentic Tunisian cuisine with influences from Berber, Arabic, and Mediterranean traditions. Most restaurants serve local specialties at reasonable prices, and the street food scene provides delicious, budget-friendly options.
Must-Try Dishes
- Couscous – Tunisia’s national dish, often served with lamb, vegetables, and harissa sauce
- Brik – Crispy pastry filled with egg, tuna, or meat, a popular appetizer
- Lablabi – Chickpea soup with bread, garlic, and spices, a local favorite
- Makroudh – Sweet semolina pastries filled with dates, a specialty of the region
- Tunisian Tajine – Unlike Moroccan tajine, this is more like a frittata with meat and vegetables
Where to Eat
Local Restaurants
Small family-run restaurants around the medina offer the most authentic dining experiences. Look for places filled with locals rather than tourists for the best food.
Cafés
Tunisian café culture is vibrant in Gafsa. Try the local mint tea or strong Arabic coffee while people-watching in one of the many cafés around the city center.
Street Food
The market in the Byzantine kasbah is an excellent place to sample street food like bambalouni (fried doughnuts), merguez (spicy sausage), and fresh dates.
Dining Tip: Most restaurants in Gafsa don’t serve alcohol due to religious customs. If you’re looking for alcoholic beverages, international hotels are your best option.
Top Attractions & Activities in Gafsa, Tunisia
Gafsa offers a fascinating mix of historical sites, natural wonders, and cultural experiences. Here are the best things to do during your visit to this ancient oasis city.
1. Ancient Roman Pools
These remarkably preserved swimming pools date back to the 2nd century and are still filled with natural spring water. The pools were once part of Roman baths and remain one of Gafsa’s most impressive attractions.
2. Great Mosque of Gafsa
This historic mosque (Grande Mosquée de Gafsa) features beautiful architecture with elements dating back to the 7th century. While non-Muslims cannot enter during prayer times, the exterior is worth admiring.
3. Gafsa Medina
Wander through the narrow streets of the old medina to experience local life, traditional architecture, and small shops selling handicrafts. The medina is less touristy than those in larger cities, offering a more authentic experience.
4. Byzantine Kasbah Market
Explore the vibrant market housed in the historic Byzantine kasbah (El Borj de Gafsa). Here you can shop for local products, spices, traditional crafts, and sample street food while soaking in the lively atmosphere.
5. Jewish Ritual Baths
Discover Gafsa’s multicultural history by visiting the abandoned Jewish ritual baths (mikveh). Though no longer in use, they provide insight into the city’s once-thriving Jewish community and religious practices.
6. Lella Sakhra Mountain
For panoramic views of Gafsa and the surrounding desert landscape, hike up Lella Sakhra Mountain. The moderate climb rewards you with spectacular vistas, especially beautiful at sunset.
Day Trips from Gafsa
Gafsa’s strategic location makes it an excellent base for exploring some of Tunisia’s most spectacular natural and historical sites. Consider these rewarding day trips to enhance your visit.
Chott el Jerid
This vast salt lake creates surreal, otherworldly landscapes that have served as filming locations for Star Wars. The salt crystals form beautiful patterns, and mirages are common in the shimmering heat.
Distance: 100 km (1.5-hour drive)
Tozeur Oasis
Visit this lush palm oasis with over 200,000 date palms. Explore the charming old town with its distinctive brick architecture and the famous Eden Palm museum to learn about date cultivation.
Distance: 95 km (1.5-hour drive)
Mides Canyon
This spectacular canyon near the Algerian border offers breathtaking views and hiking opportunities. The abandoned village of Mides clings to the canyon edge, creating a dramatic setting.
Distance: 120 km (2-hour drive)
Practical Travel Tips
Safety & Etiquette
- Dress modestly – Especially when visiting religious sites or conservative areas
- Ask before photographing locals – Always request permission first
- Bargaining is expected – In markets, but do so respectfully
- Carry water – Stay hydrated in the desert climate
- Learn basic Arabic phrases – Locals appreciate the effort
Important: Always check your government’s travel advisories before visiting. Some areas near the Algerian border may have travel restrictions.
Essential Information
Currency: Tunisian Dinar (TND)
Language: Arabic (official), French widely spoken
Electricity: 230V, Type C & E plugs
Emergency Number: 197 (Police), 190 (Ambulance)
Tipping: 10% in restaurants is appreciated
Drinking Water: Stick to bottled water
Useful Phrases
| English | Arabic | Pronunciation |
| Hello | مرحبا | Marhaba |
| Thank you | شكرا | Shukran |
| Yes/No | نعم / لا | Na’am / La |
| How much? | كم الثمن؟ | Kam athaman? |
Experience the Authentic Tunisia in Gafsa
Gafsa offers travelers a chance to experience the real Tunisia away from the coastal tourist centers. With its rich history spanning Roman, Byzantine, Arab, and Ottoman periods, unique natural landscapes, and warm hospitality, this oasis city rewards those who venture off the beaten path.
Whether you’re swimming in ancient Roman pools, haggling for spices in the Byzantine kasbah market, or using Gafsa as a base to explore the stunning desert landscapes of southern Tunisia, you’ll discover a fascinating destination that blends history, culture, and natural beauty in equal measure.
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