Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh: Best Things to Do – Top Picks

Did you know that Varanasi is one of the world’s oldest continuously inhabited cities, with a history spanning over 3,000 years? This ancient city on the banks of the sacred Ganges River isn’t just a destination—it’s a living museum where spirituality, culture, and history converge in a mesmerizing display that has captivated visitors for millennia. As India’s spiritual capital, Varanasi offers experiences you simply won’t find anywhere else on earth.

Planning Your Journey to Varanasi

Varanasi, also known as Kashi or Benaras, is located in the northern Indian state of Uttar Pradesh. The city is well-connected to major Indian cities by air, rail, and road. The Lal Bahadur Shastri International Airport (VNS) serves Varanasi with regular flights from Delhi, Mumbai, and other major cities.

Best Time to Visit Varanasi

The ideal time to visit Varanasi is from October to March when the weather is pleasant and perfect for exploring the ghats and narrow lanes. Winter (November to February) offers comfortable temperatures between 5°C to 15°C, making it ideal for long walks and boat rides. Summer (April to June) can be extremely hot with temperatures soaring to 45°C, while the monsoon season (July to September) brings heavy rainfall that sometimes causes the Ganges to flood.

Getting Around Varanasi

Navigating Varanasi’s narrow, winding streets can be challenging but rewarding. The old city, with its maze-like alleys, is best explored on foot. For longer distances, auto-rickshaws and cycle-rickshaws are readily available. Be prepared to negotiate fares before starting your journey.

Transportation Options

Top Attractions: Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh’s Best Things to Do

1. Experience the Ghats of Varanasi

Varanasi’s 88 ghats (stone steps leading to the river) are the heart and soul of the city. Each ghat has its own significance and story. The most famous ones include Dashashwamedh Ghat, Assi Ghat, and Manikarnika Ghat. Walking along the ghats from Assi to Manikarnika offers a fascinating glimpse into the daily life and rituals that have continued for centuries.

Must-Visit Ghats:

• Dashashwamedh Ghat – The main and most vibrant ghat, famous for its evening Ganga Aarti ceremony
• Manikarnika Ghat – The primary cremation ghat where funeral pyres burn continuously
• Assi Ghat – Popular for morning yoga sessions and the confluence of the Assi River with the Ganges
• Darbhanga Ghat – Known for its magnificent Darbhanga Palace and photogenic architecture

2. Witness the Ganga Aarti Ceremony

The evening Ganga Aarti at Dashashwamedh Ghat is a mesmerizing spiritual experience that shouldn’t be missed. Every evening at 6:45 PM, priests perform this elaborate ritual with fire, incense, flowers, and chanting. The synchronized movements, the sound of bells and drums, and the spiritual atmosphere create an unforgettable experience.

For the best view, you can either find a spot on the ghat steps or watch from a boat on the river. Arrive at least 30 minutes early to secure a good position, as it gets very crowded. The ceremony lasts about 45 minutes.

3. Take a Sunrise Boat Ride on the Ganges

A sunrise boat ride along the Ganges is a magical experience that offers a unique perspective of Varanasi awakening to a new day. As the first rays of the sun illuminate the ancient ghats, you’ll witness pilgrims taking their holy dip, yogis performing morning rituals, and the city coming to life.

These boat rides typically last 1-2 hours and cost between 200-600 INR per person depending on whether it’s a shared or private boat. Most hotels can arrange this experience for you, or you can negotiate directly with boatmen at Dashashwamedh or Assi Ghat.

4. Visit the Kashi Vishwanath Temple

The Kashi Vishwanath Temple, dedicated to Lord Shiva, is one of the most sacred Hindu temples in India. The temple houses one of the twelve Jyotirlingas (sacred shrines of Shiva) and attracts pilgrims from across the world. The recently completed Kashi Vishwanath Corridor has transformed the area, making it more accessible and spacious.

Non-Hindus can visit the temple, but strict security measures are in place. Electronic devices, leather items, and flowers from outside are not allowed. The temple is open from 2:30 AM to 11:00 PM, with the main aarti ceremonies at 4:00 AM, 12:00 PM, and 7:00 PM.

5. Explore Sarnath

Located just 10 km from Varanasi, Sarnath is one of the most important Buddhist pilgrimage sites in the world. It was here that Buddha delivered his first sermon after attaining enlightenment. The main attractions include the Dhamek Stupa, Ashoka Pillar, and the Archaeological Museum which houses the famous Lion Capital of Ashoka (India’s national emblem).

Sarnath makes for a perfect half-day trip from Varanasi. You can hire an auto-rickshaw for around 600-800 INR for a round trip including waiting time. The site is open from sunrise to sunset, and the museum is closed on Fridays.

Immersive Cultural Experiences

1. Witness the Cremation Rituals

The cremation ghats, particularly Manikarnika and Harishchandra, offer a profound glimpse into Hindu beliefs about life and death. Here, bodies are cremated in open-air funeral pyres by the Ganges, as Hindus believe that being cremated in Varanasi brings moksha (liberation from the cycle of rebirth).

While observing from a respectful distance is permitted, photography is strictly prohibited. It’s advisable to be quiet and respectful. If you’re interested in understanding the rituals better, consider hiring a knowledgeable local guide who can explain the significance without intruding on the ceremonies.

2. Get Lost in the Old City Lanes

The narrow winding lanes of Varanasi’s old city, known as galis, offer an authentic glimpse into local life. These ancient pathways are lined with shops selling silk, spices, religious items, and handicrafts. Getting purposefully lost in these lanes is one of the most rewarding experiences in Varanasi.

The area around Godowlia Market and the lanes leading to various ghats are particularly interesting to explore. Watch out for motorcycles, cows, and dogs that navigate these narrow passages alongside pedestrians.

3. Visit the Silk Weaving Centers

Varanasi is famous for its exquisite Banarasi silk sarees, known for their gold and silver brocade work, opulent embroidery, and fine silk quality. A visit to the weaving villages like Sarai Mohana (about 8 km from the city) offers insight into this centuries-old craft.

You can observe skilled artisans working on traditional handlooms, creating intricate patterns that take anywhere from 15 days to 6 months to complete. Many workshops welcome visitors and explain the complex weaving process. This is also a great opportunity to purchase authentic Banarasi silk products directly from the artisans.

Culinary Delights of Varanasi

Varanasi’s food scene is as rich and diverse as its cultural heritage. From street food to sweet treats, the city offers a range of flavors that shouldn’t be missed.

Must-Try Street Food

• Kachori Sabzi – Crispy fried pastry filled with spiced lentils, served with potato curry
• Chaat – Particularly at Kashi Chaat Bhandar near Godowlia Crossing
• Lassi – Try the famous Blue Lassi Shop, known for its variety of flavored yogurt drinks
• Banarasi Paan – A digestive treat made with betel leaf, areca nut, and sweet fillings
• Malaiyo – A winter specialty dessert made from milk foam, saffron, and nuts

Where to Eat

Festivals and Events

Varanasi’s calendar is filled with vibrant festivals that showcase the city’s rich cultural and spiritual heritage. Timing your visit to coincide with one of these celebrations can make your experience even more memorable.

Major Festivals

• Dev Deepawali (November) – “Diwali of the Gods” when all 88 ghats are illuminated with thousands of oil lamps
• Ganga Mahotsav (November) – A five-day cultural festival celebrating the Ganges with music, dance, and crafts
• Mahashivaratri (February/March) – Celebrating Lord Shiva with special rituals at Kashi Vishwanath Temple
• Holi (March) – The festival of colors is celebrated with particular enthusiasm in Varanasi
• Budhwa Mangal (Tuesdays in April-May) – Weekly celebrations with music performances at Sankat Mochan Temple

Practical Tips for Visiting Varanasi

Safety and Etiquette

Health Precautions

Varanasi’s climate and crowded conditions require some health precautions:

• Carry hand sanitizer and use it frequently
• Wear comfortable, breathable clothing and sun protection
• Consider wearing a mask in crowded areas or when air quality is poor
• Bring basic medications for stomach issues, as they’re common among visitors
• Stay hydrated, especially during summer months

Communication and Money

While Hindi is the primary language, many people in tourist areas speak basic English. Having a translation app can be helpful in more local areas. ATMs are available throughout the city, but it’s good to carry some cash, especially when exploring the old city and ghats where card payments may not be accepted.

Where to Stay in Varanasi

Varanasi offers a range of accommodation options to suit different preferences and budgets. Where you stay can significantly impact your experience of the city.

Best Areas to Stay

Suggested Itineraries

2-Day Varanasi Itinerary

Extended 3-4 Day Itinerary Additions

• Visit Ramnagar Fort across the river
• Explore lesser-known temples like Durga Temple and Tulsi Manas Temple
• Take a day trip to Chunar Fort (23 km from Varanasi)
• Attend a classical music performance
• Join a cooking class to learn about local cuisine

Experience the Timeless Magic of Varanasi

Varanasi isn’t just a destination—it’s a profound experience that touches all who visit. In this ancient city where time seems to stand still, you’ll witness the full spectrum of human existence played out against the backdrop of the sacred Ganges. From the joyful celebrations of life to the solemn rituals of death, Varanasi offers a window into the soul of India that few other places can match.

Whether you’re drawn by spiritual curiosity, cultural interest, or simply the desire to experience one of the world’s most unique cities, Varanasi will leave an indelible mark on your heart. The sights, sounds, and sensations of this extraordinary place have the power to transform perspectives and create memories that last a lifetime. As the locals say, “Banaras is not a city, it is an experience”—one that awaits your discovery.