Gilgit-Baltistan Region, Pakistan: Best Things to Do – Top Picks

Home to 5 of the world’s 14 highest peaks, Gilgit-Baltistan is a mountaineer’s paradise where three of Earth’s mightiest mountain ranges—the Karakoram, Himalaya, and Hindu Kush—converge in spectacular fashion. This remote northern region of Pakistan, covering over 72,000 square kilometers, boasts more than 50 peaks exceeding 7,000 meters in height, making it the most concentrated collection of towering mountains anywhere on the planet.

Planning Your Journey to Gilgit-Baltistan

Before embarking on your adventure to this remote paradise, proper planning is essential. Gilgit-Baltistan’s unique geography and infrastructure require thoughtful preparation to ensure a smooth experience.

Required Documents and Permits

All international visitors need a valid Pakistani visa to enter Gilgit-Baltistan. As of 2024, many nationalities can apply for an e-visa through Pakistan’s official online portal. Most tourist areas in Gilgit-Baltistan don’t require special permits, but trekkers planning to visit remote areas or climb peaks may need additional permissions from the Tourism Department of Gilgit-Baltistan.

Essential Packing List

Gilgit-Baltistan’s varied terrain and climate demand strategic packing:

Getting to Gilgit-Baltistan

Reaching this remote region requires some planning, but the journey itself offers spectacular views that serve as a preview of the adventures ahead.

By Air

Flying is the fastest way to reach Gilgit-Baltistan. Pakistan International Airlines (PIA) operates daily flights from Islamabad to both Gilgit and Skardu, taking approximately 50-60 minutes. These flights are known to be among the most scenic in the world, offering breathtaking views of the Karakoram range. However, they’re highly weather-dependent and frequently face cancellations during poor visibility.

By Road

The legendary Karakoram Highway (KKH) connects Gilgit-Baltistan with Islamabad to the south and China’s Xinjiang province to the north. The journey from Islamabad to Gilgit takes approximately 15-18 hours by bus or private vehicle, covering about 600 kilometers of mountainous terrain. Though time-consuming, this route offers spectacular scenery as it winds through dramatic gorges and passes.

Best Time to Visit Gilgit-Baltistan

Timing your visit is crucial for enjoying the best of what Gilgit-Baltistan has to offer. The region experiences distinct seasons, each with its own appeal and challenges.

For trekking and mountaineering enthusiasts, the summer months (June-August) offer the most reliable weather and access to high-altitude areas. Autumn (September-November) brings spectacular foliage as apricot and poplar trees turn golden, creating a photographer’s paradise. Spring (March-May) showcases beautiful blossoms throughout the valleys, while winter (December-February) transforms the landscape into a snow-covered wonderland, though with significant travel limitations.

Getting Around Gilgit-Baltistan

Navigating Gilgit-Baltistan’s rugged terrain requires flexibility and patience. The region’s transportation options vary from public buses to specialized 4×4 vehicles, each suited to different routes and experiences.

Public Transportation

NATCO (Northern Areas Transport Corporation) operates buses connecting major towns like Gilgit, Skardu, and Hunza. These services are affordable but often crowded and run on limited schedules. Minivans and shared taxis also ply the main routes between towns, offering slightly more comfort at higher prices.

Jeep Hire

For accessing remote valleys and off-road destinations, hiring a 4×4 jeep with a driver is essential. These vehicles are specifically designed to handle the region’s challenging terrain. Expect to pay around 6,000-8,000 PKR ($20-30) per day, including driver fees. Most hotels and tour operators can arrange jeep services.

Private Car Rental

Self-driving is possible but recommended only for experienced drivers familiar with mountain roads. The main routes along the Karakoram Highway are paved, but many side roads to attractions require 4×4 vehicles and local knowledge.

Where to Stay in Gilgit-Baltistan

Accommodation options in Gilgit-Baltistan range from basic guesthouses to luxury hotels, with most concentrated in the main towns and popular valleys. Advance booking is essential during the summer high season.

Hotels and Resorts

Major towns like Gilgit, Skardu, and Hunza offer mid-range to upscale hotels with modern amenities. The Serena Hotels chain operates properties in Gilgit, Shigar, and Khaplu, offering luxury accommodations in restored historic buildings. Prices range from 10,000-30,000 PKR ($35-100) per night depending on location and season.

Guesthouses and B&Bs

Family-run guesthouses provide an authentic experience and are available in most towns and villages. These typically cost between 2,000-5,000 PKR ($7-18) per night and often include home-cooked meals. Many offer stunning views and cultural insights through interaction with local hosts.

Camping

For the adventurous, camping is popular in designated areas like Fairy Meadows, Naltar Valley, and along trekking routes. Some sites offer tent rentals and basic facilities, while remote areas require self-sufficiency. Always respect local customs and obtain necessary permissions before camping.

Top Attractions in Gilgit-Baltistan Region

Gilgit-Baltistan’s diverse landscape offers everything from towering peaks and glaciers to historic forts and cultural sites. Here are the must-visit attractions that showcase the region’s natural and cultural wonders.

Hunza Valley

Often called “heaven on earth,” Hunza Valley is renowned for its spectacular mountain views, terraced fields, and the longevity of its inhabitants. Key attractions include Baltit and Altit Forts, ancient royal residences perched dramatically on rocky outcrops. Don’t miss the Sacred Rocks of Ganish with centuries-old Buddhist carvings and the panoramic Eagle’s Nest viewpoint for sunrise and sunset vistas.

Attabad Lake

This striking turquoise lake was formed in 2010 when a massive landslide dammed the Hunza River. Now a popular tourist destination, visitors can enjoy boating, jet skiing, and camping along its shores. The contrast between the vibrant blue waters and surrounding rugged mountains creates a surreal landscape that photographers will love.

Fairy Meadows and Nanga Parbat Base Camp

Locally known as Joot, Fairy Meadows offers breathtaking views of Nanga Parbat, the world’s ninth-highest mountain. Reaching this alpine meadow requires a jeep ride on what’s considered one of the world’s most dangerous roads, followed by a 3-4 hour trek. The effort is rewarded with spectacular scenery and a perfect base for further hiking to Nanga Parbat Base Camp.

Deosai National Park

Known as the “Land of Giants,” Deosai is the world’s second-highest plateau at over 4,100 meters. This vast alpine plain bursts with wildflowers in summer and is home to the endangered Himalayan brown bear. The park’s pristine lakes, including Sheosar Lake (Lake of Blindness), reflect the surrounding mountains in their crystal-clear waters.

Baltoro Glacier and K2 Base Camp

For serious trekkers, the journey to K2 Base Camp along the massive Baltoro Glacier is the ultimate adventure. This 63-kilometer glacier is surrounded by an unparalleled concentration of peaks over 7,000 meters, including four of the world’s 14 eight-thousanders. The trek typically takes 15-20 days round-trip and requires proper acclimatization and preparation.

Adventure Activities in Gilgit-Baltistan

Gilgit-Baltistan is a playground for adventure enthusiasts, offering world-class opportunities for trekking, mountaineering, and other outdoor activities against a backdrop of some of the planet’s most dramatic landscapes.

Trekking and Hiking

From day hikes to multi-week expeditions, Gilgit-Baltistan offers trekking routes for all skill levels. Popular options include:

• K2 Base Camp and Gondogoro La Trek – A challenging 15-20 day journey through the heart of the Karakoram
• Rakaposhi Base Camp Trek – A moderate 3-4 day trek with spectacular views of Rakaposhi peak
• Patundas Trek – A relatively easy 2-day hike near Passu offering panoramic views of the Hunza Valley
• Shimshal Valley Treks – Remote routes through traditional villages and high passes
• Minapin to Rakaposhi Base Camp – A moderate trek through beautiful forests and meadows

Mountaineering

Gilgit-Baltistan is home to some of the world’s most challenging and sought-after climbing peaks. Expeditions require permits, experienced guides, and proper equipment. Notable mountains include:

• K2 (8,611m) – The world’s second-highest peak and one of the most difficult to climb
• Nanga Parbat (8,126m) – Known as the “Killer Mountain” for its challenging conditions
• Gasherbrum I & II (8,080m & 8,035m) – Part of the Gasherbrum massif in the Karakoram
• Broad Peak (8,051m) – Often climbed as an acclimatization peak before attempting K2
• Rakaposhi (7,788m) – Known for its beautiful pyramid shape and challenging routes

River Rafting and Kayaking

The region’s powerful rivers offer excellent opportunities for white-water adventures. The Indus, Hunza, and Shigar rivers provide varying grades of rapids suitable for different experience levels. Most rafting expeditions operate between June and September when water levels are optimal from glacial melt.

Mountain Biking

The Karakoram Highway and numerous side trails offer epic mountain biking routes with stunning scenery. Cycling from Islamabad to Khunjerab Pass (the Pakistan-China border) is a bucket-list journey for many adventure cyclists, covering approximately 700 kilometers of varied terrain and elevations.

Paragliding

With its reliable thermals and spectacular views, Gilgit-Baltistan is emerging as a paragliding destination. Hunza Valley and areas near Skardu offer tandem flights with experienced pilots, allowing visitors to soar above the dramatic landscape.

Cultural Experiences in Gilgit-Baltistan

Beyond its natural wonders, Gilgit-Baltistan offers rich cultural experiences shaped by centuries of isolation and influences from Central Asia, Tibet, and the Indian subcontinent. The region’s diverse ethnic groups maintain distinct traditions, languages, and ways of life.

Historic Forts and Architecture

The region’s strategic position along ancient trade routes led to the construction of impressive fortifications. Don’t miss:

• Baltit Fort – A 700-year-old fort in Karimabad showcasing Tibetan-influenced architecture
• Altit Fort – One of the oldest settlements in the region, dating back over 1,000 years
• Shigar Fort – A 17th-century fort restored as a heritage hotel and museum
• Khaplu Palace – A beautifully restored royal residence now operating as a luxury hotel
• Kharpocho Fort – Ruins overlooking Skardu with panoramic views of the valley

Traditional Villages

Many villages in Gilgit-Baltistan maintain traditional ways of life that have changed little over centuries. Visit places like Hushe, Shimshal, and Askole to experience authentic mountain culture, traditional architecture, and agricultural practices adapted to the harsh environment.

Festivals and Celebrations

Timing your visit to coincide with local festivals offers unique cultural insights:

• Shandur Polo Festival (July) – The world’s highest polo tournament played at 3,700 meters
• Nowruz (March) – Persian New Year celebrated with music, dance, and feasting
• Harvest Festivals (Autumn) – Various celebrations marking the gathering of crops
• Babusar Polo Festival (August) – Traditional freestyle polo tournament
• Thumushalling Festival (December) – Winter solstice celebrations with bonfires and dancing

Local Cuisine

Gilgit-Baltistan’s cuisine reflects its harsh climate and agricultural traditions. Must-try dishes include:

• Chapshuro – Meat-filled bread similar to a calzone
• Gholmandi – Local cheese wrapped in buttery chapati
• Mamtu – Steamed dumplings filled with meat and onions
• Dowdo – Yogurt soup with herbs
• Fresh Fruits – The region is famous for its apricots, mulberries, cherries, and apples

Practical Tips for Visiting Gilgit-Baltistan

Being well-prepared for the unique challenges of this remote region will help ensure a smooth and enjoyable experience. Here are essential tips for travelers to Gilgit-Baltistan.

Money and Payments

The Pakistani Rupee (PKR) is the local currency. ATMs are available in major towns like Gilgit, Skardu, and Hunza, but become scarce in remote areas. Carry sufficient cash, preferably in small denominations. Credit cards are accepted only at upscale hotels and restaurants. As of 2024, the exchange rate is approximately 280 PKR to 1 USD.

Communication and Connectivity

Mobile coverage is available in major towns but patchy or non-existent in remote areas. Zong offers the best coverage in northern Pakistan. Consider purchasing a local SIM card upon arrival. Internet access is available at most hotels in larger towns but can be slow and unreliable. Download offline maps and essential information before heading to remote areas.

Health and Safety

Gilgit-Baltistan is generally safe for tourists, with low crime rates. The main health concerns are altitude sickness, waterborne illnesses, and accidents in remote areas. Bring a comprehensive first aid kit including medication for altitude sickness, stomach issues, and pain relief. Drink only bottled or purified water and ensure food is thoroughly cooked.

Cultural Etiquette

Gilgit-Baltistan is predominantly Muslim with conservative social norms. Respect local customs by dressing modestly (covering shoulders and knees), removing shoes when entering homes or religious buildings, and asking permission before photographing people. Learning a few basic phrases in Urdu or local languages like Shina, Burushaski, or Wakhi is greatly appreciated.

Security Checkpoints

Expect numerous security checkpoints throughout the region. Carry multiple photocopies of your passport, visa, and permits to present at these checkpoints. Maintain a friendly, patient attitude as these measures are for your safety. Some areas may require registration with local authorities upon arrival.

Language and Communication in Gilgit-Baltistan

Gilgit-Baltistan is linguistically diverse, with over a dozen languages spoken across its valleys. This linguistic richness reflects the region’s complex cultural heritage and historical isolation of different communities.

Major Languages

While Urdu and English are the official languages of Pakistan, several local languages dominate in Gilgit-Baltistan:

• Shina – The most widely spoken language in the region, prevalent in Gilgit, Astore, and parts of Diamer
• Burushaski – A language isolate (unrelated to any other known language) spoken in Hunza, Nagar, and parts of Gilgit
• Balti – Related to Tibetan, spoken in Baltistan (Skardu region)
• Wakhi – An Iranian language spoken in upper Hunza and Ishkoman
• Khowar – Prevalent in Ghizer district, especially Yasin Valley

Useful Phrases

Learning a few basic phrases in Urdu will be helpful throughout Pakistan:

English is understood in tourist areas, hotels, and by educated locals, particularly the younger generation. However, in remote villages, communication may rely more on gestures and basic phrases.

Photography Tips for Gilgit-Baltistan

With its dramatic landscapes, unique cultural elements, and extraordinary light, Gilgit-Baltistan is a photographer’s paradise. Here are some tips to capture the region’s beauty effectively.

Best Photography Locations

These spots offer exceptional photographic opportunities:

• Eagle’s Nest, Hunza – Panoramic sunrise/sunset views of Hunza Valley and surrounding peaks
• Passu Cones Viewpoint – The iconic jagged peaks are most photogenic in morning light
• Attabad Lake – The turquoise waters contrast beautifully with surrounding mountains
• Fairy Meadows – Offers unobstructed views of Nanga Parbat’s north face
• Khaplu Valley – Traditional villages with terraced fields and mountain backdrops
• Deosai Plains – Vast landscapes with wildflowers in summer and dramatic skies

Equipment Recommendations

Consider bringing these essentials:

• Wide-angle lens for vast landscapes (16-35mm recommended)
• Medium telephoto for compressing distant mountains (70-200mm)
• Sturdy tripod for low-light and long-exposure shots
• Polarizing filter to enhance blue skies and reduce glare
• Extra batteries and memory cards (charging opportunities may be limited)
• Lens cleaning kit (dust is common in the region)
• Weather-resistant camera bag

Cultural Sensitivity

Always ask permission before photographing local people, especially women. Some communities may have restrictions on photography of certain sites or during religious events. Respect these boundaries and be prepared to put your camera away when requested.

Sample Itineraries for Gilgit-Baltistan

Planning a trip to this vast region can be overwhelming. These sample itineraries offer structured options for different interests and timeframes.

Classic Highlights (10 Days)

Perfect for first-time visitors wanting to see the region’s main attractions:

• Day 1-2: Arrive in Islamabad, fly to Gilgit, acclimatize and explore Gilgit town
• Day 3-5: Hunza Valley – visit Baltit and Altit Forts, Eagle’s Nest viewpoint, and Attabad Lake
• Day 6-7: Fairy Meadows – jeep to Tato village, trek to Fairy Meadows, optional hike to Nanga Parbat Base Camp
• Day 8-9: Return to Gilgit, drive to Skardu, explore Shigar Fort and Kharpocho Fort
• Day 10: Fly from Skardu to Islamabad

Trekker’s Delight (15 Days)

For outdoor enthusiasts seeking moderate to challenging treks:

• Day 1-2: Arrive in Islamabad, fly to Skardu, acclimatize
• Day 3-4: Drive to Askole, begin trek to Jhola Camp and Paiyu
• Day 5-8: Trek along Baltoro Glacier to Urdukas, Goro II, and Concordia
• Day 9: Day hike to K2 Base Camp
• Day 10-14: Return trek to Askole, drive to Skardu
• Day 15: Fly from Skardu to Islamabad

Cultural Immersion (7 Days)

Focused on the region’s rich cultural heritage:

• Day 1: Fly from Islamabad to Gilgit, explore local bazaars
• Day 2-3: Hunza Valley – visit historic forts, traditional villages, and local craft workshops
• Day 4: Drive to Shimshal village, homestay with local family
• Day 5: Return to Hunza, visit Sacred Rocks of Ganish
• Day 6: Drive to Gilgit, visit Kargah Buddha and local museums
• Day 7: Return to Islamabad

Conclusion: The Timeless Appeal of Gilgit-Baltistan

Gilgit-Baltistan stands as one of the world’s last great adventure frontiers—a place where nature’s grandeur remains largely untamed and traditional cultures continue to thrive in the shadow of towering peaks. From the turquoise waters of Attabad Lake to the imposing face of K2, from ancient silk route fortresses to the warm hospitality of mountain villages, this region offers experiences that linger in memory long after your journey ends.

As tourism infrastructure continues to develop, now is the perfect time to visit—when authentic experiences abound but basic comforts are increasingly available. Whether you come seeking mountaineering challenges, cultural insights, or simply the peace that comes from standing in nature’s cathedral, Gilgit-Baltistan rewards visitors with moments of awe and connection that define truly transformative travel.

The road may be long and occasionally challenging, but those who make the journey to this remarkable corner of Pakistan discover that the Gilgit-Baltistan region offers something increasingly rare in our well-traveled world—the genuine thrill of exploration and discovery in a landscape of unparalleled beauty.