Did you know that Middlefork Savanna Nature Preserve is home to the highest quality tallgrass savanna remaining in Illinois? This 687-hectare (1,700-acre) natural treasure contains oak trees that were already mature when European settlers first arrived in the mid-1800s. The Illinois Nature Preserves Commission has designated it as the “best surviving mesic or black soil savanna in Illinois” — a rare ecosystem that once covered vast portions of the Midwest but has now been reduced to less than 0.01% of its original extent.
Getting There & Planning Your Journey
Middlefork Savanna Nature Preserve is located at 1401 Middlefork Drive in Lake Forest, Illinois, approximately 48 km (30 miles) north of downtown Chicago. The preserve is easily accessible by car via major highways.
The closest major airports are O’Hare International Airport (40 km/25 miles southwest) and Chicago Midway International Airport (64 km/40 miles south). From either airport, you can rent a car or use rideshare services to reach the preserve.
If you’re using public transportation, take the Metra Union Pacific North Line to the Lake Forest station, then use a rideshare service for the final 5 km (3 miles) to the preserve entrance. The entrance is located on Waukegan Road (Route 43), north of Route 60 and south of Route 176. Turn west onto Middlefork Drive and proceed to the end, bearing left at the fork to enter the preserve parking area.
Best Time to Visit & Weather Tips
Recommended Seasons
Spring (April-May)
Spring brings wildflower blooms and bird migration. Temperatures range from 10-21°C (50-70°F), with occasional rain showers. This is an excellent time for birdwatching as migratory species pass through.
Summer (June-August)
Summer showcases the tallgrass prairie in full growth, with temperatures between 21-32°C (70-90°F). Early mornings are best to avoid afternoon heat and humidity. The diverse wildflowers reach peak bloom during this season.
Fall (September-October)
Fall is arguably the most spectacular season at Middlefork Savanna. The prairie grasses turn golden, and oak woodlands display vibrant colors. Temperatures range from 10-24°C (50-75°F), making hiking comfortable. This is also when you’ll see impressive displays of asters and sunflowers.
Winter (November-March)
Winter offers a different perspective of the preserve, with temperatures between -7 to 5°C (20-40°F). The open landscape allows for excellent wildlife tracking in snow. Cross-country skiing and snowshoeing are popular when snow conditions permit.
The best overall times to visit are late May through June for spring wildflowers and September through mid-October for fall colors. Avoid visiting during heavy rain as trails can become muddy and some areas may flood.
Getting Around Locally
Middlefork Savanna features 5.5 km (3.4 miles) of gravel trails and two short boardwalks that protect sensitive wetland areas. The trails are well-maintained and relatively flat, making them accessible for most visitors.
The main trail system offers three primary options:
- North Trail: 3.7 km (2.3 miles) from the parking lot to the northern edge of the preserve
- Loop Trail: 1.6 km (1 mile) combining a portion of the main gravel trail and a 0.8 km (0.5-mile) mowed grass path
- South Trail: 2.3 km (1.4 miles) from the parking lot to the southern edge of the preserve
Bicycles are permitted on 6.8 km (4.2 miles) of the gravel trails, but not on the mowed grass paths. The north end of the main trail connects to the North Shore Bike Path, providing access to other nearby preserves and trails.
For those with mobility challenges, the main gravel paths are the most accessible. The boardwalks provide stable surfaces for viewing wetland areas without venturing onto uneven terrain.
Where to Stay
While there is no lodging within Middlefork Savanna itself (as it’s a day-use preserve), several excellent options are available in nearby Lake Forest and surrounding communities:
Luxury Options
The Deer Path Inn in Lake Forest offers historic charm with upscale amenities, located just 5 km (3 miles) from the preserve. For a resort experience, The Lincolnshire Marriott Resort provides extensive facilities including golf and is located 16 km (10 miles) from the preserve.
Mid-Range Options
The Residence Inn in Lake Forest is 3 km (2 miles) from the preserve and offers suite-style rooms with kitchenettes. The Hampton Inn & Suites in Libertyville provides comfortable accommodations about 8 km (5 miles) from Middlefork Savanna.
Budget-Friendly Options
The Red Roof Inn in Deerfield is approximately 13 km (8 miles) from the preserve and offers clean, basic accommodations. For those who prefer vacation rentals, several options are available in Lake Forest and Lake Bluff through popular booking platforms.
For a unique experience, consider staying at one of the historic bed and breakfasts in Lake Forest that showcase the area’s architectural heritage while providing convenient access to Middlefork Savanna.
Dining & Local Cuisine
While there are no dining facilities within Middlefork Savanna Nature Preserve, the surrounding area offers excellent options for before or after your visit:
Nearby Dining Options
Elawa Farm Garden Market
Located adjacent to the preserve, this historic farm offers a seasonal market (mid-May through October) on Fridays and Saturdays from 8 a.m. to 1 p.m. The market features locally grown produce, baked goods, and artisanal food items—perfect for picnic supplies.
Lake Forest Restaurants
Downtown Lake Forest, about 5 km (3 miles) from the preserve, offers several excellent dining options. Market House on the Square serves farm-to-table cuisine, while Deer Path Inn provides upscale dining with British influences. For casual fare, try Left Bank for sandwiches and salads.
Libertyville Dining
About 8 km (5 miles) west of the preserve, Libertyville offers diverse dining options. Milwalky Trace serves creative American cuisine, while Firkin provides pub fare in a casual atmosphere. For Italian cuisine, try Trattoria Pomigliano.
Picnic Options
For those who prefer to dine outdoors, Middlefork Savanna has several scenic spots perfect for picnicking. Whole Foods Market in Lake Forest and Sunset Foods in Libertyville offer prepared foods and picnic supplies. Remember to pack out all trash as there are limited waste facilities in the preserve.
For a truly local experience, visit the Lake Forest Farmers Market (open Saturdays from June through October) to gather fresh, seasonal ingredients from area farms.
Attractions, Sightseeing & Activities
Top Activities at Middlefork Savanna
Hiking
With 5.5 km (3.4 miles) of trails, hiking is the primary activity at Middlefork Savanna. The Loop Trail is particularly recommended as it traverses some of the wildest areas of the preserve and offers excellent views of the diverse ecosystems. The boardwalks provide up-close views of wetland habitats without disturbing sensitive areas.
Biking
Cyclists can enjoy 6.8 km (4.2 miles) of flat, gravel trails. The north end of the main trail connects to the North Shore Bike Path, allowing for extended rides to nearby preserves including Old School Forest Preserve (2.4 km/1.5 miles west) and access to the Des Plaines River Trail (3.9 km/2.4 miles west).
Wildlife Watching
More than 230 bird species have been observed at Middlefork Savanna, making it a premier birdwatching destination. Look for sandhill cranes, great blue herons, and even bald eagles. The wetland areas are excellent spots to observe great egrets, belted kingfishers, and various waterfowl.
Photography
The diverse landscapes—from tallgrass prairie to oak woodlands and wetlands—provide endless photography opportunities. Morning and evening golden hours offer the best lighting for capturing the beauty of the savanna. Fall colors and spring wildflowers are particularly photogenic.
Winter Activities
When snow conditions permit, the preserve’s flat terrain is ideal for cross-country skiing and snowshoeing. The open expanses of the savanna create a serene winter landscape perfect for cold-weather exploration.
Nature Study
The preserve’s diverse ecosystems make it an excellent outdoor classroom. Look for interpretive signs along the trails that explain the ecological significance of the savanna, prairie, and wetland habitats. The rare Iowa darter fish can be spotted in clear streams, indicating healthy water quality.
For the best experience, bring binoculars for wildlife viewing and a camera to capture the scenic landscapes. Early mornings typically offer the best wildlife viewing opportunities and fewer visitors.
Museums, Cultural Spots & Festivals
Cultural Attractions Near Middlefork Savanna
Wildlife Discovery Center at Elawa Farm
Located adjacent to Middlefork Savanna, this center houses approximately 85 species of animals and offers educational programs about local wildlife. Regular hours are Tuesday, Friday, Saturday, and Sunday from 10 a.m. to 4 p.m. The center provides an excellent complement to a day of exploring the natural habitats at the preserve.
Elawa Farm
This historic gentleman’s farm dates back to the early 20th century and is considered architecturally significant. Today, it operates as a sustainable farm with educational programming focused on food and agriculture. The Garden Market is open Friday and Saturday from 8 a.m. to 1 p.m. (mid-May through October) and features local produce and artisanal products.
Lake Forest History Center
Located in downtown Lake Forest, this museum chronicles the area’s rich history from Native American settlements through the development of the prestigious suburb. Exhibits highlight the architectural heritage and cultural significance of the region.
Ragdale Foundation
This historic artists’ retreat in Lake Forest hosts open houses and exhibitions throughout the year. The prairie-style architecture and gardens are worth visiting, and public events offer glimpses into the creative process of resident artists.
Seasonal Events
The Lake County Forest Preserves host several events at Middlefork Savanna throughout the year, including guided nature walks, bird watching expeditions, and educational programs about the savanna ecosystem. Check their official calendar for upcoming events during your visit.
In Lake Forest, the annual Festival & Fair on the Square (June) and the Lake Forest Day celebration (August) offer opportunities to experience local culture and community traditions.
Sports, Nature & Outdoor Experiences
Unique Natural Features
Middlefork Savanna is classified as a rare tallgrass savanna, an ecosystem that once covered vast portions of the Midwest but is now critically endangered. The preserve features several distinct natural communities:
Oak Savanna
The preserve’s namesake ecosystem features scattered oak trees (some over 250 years old) with an understory of prairie grasses and wildflowers. This unique habitat supports a diverse range of plant and animal species adapted to the partially shaded environment.
Wetlands & River
The North Branch of the Chicago River flows through the preserve, creating wetland habitats that support a variety of aquatic species. The boardwalks provide excellent viewing platforms for observing wetland wildlife without disturbing sensitive areas.
Prairie Remnants
Areas of wet and mesic prairie showcase the diverse plant communities that once dominated the region. Over 300 native plant species have been documented in the preserve, including rare and endangered varieties.
Seasonal Natural Highlights
Spring
Look for early wildflowers like shooting stars, prairie smoke, and wild geranium. Migratory birds return, making this an excellent season for birdwatching. The fresh green growth creates a vibrant landscape after winter dormancy.
Summer
Tallgrass prairie plants reach their full height, sometimes exceeding 2 meters (6 feet). Wildflowers bloom in succession, with different species taking center stage throughout the season. Butterflies and pollinators are abundant.
Fall
The savanna transforms with autumn colors as oak trees turn golden and russet. Asters and goldenrods create purple and yellow accents among the reddish-brown prairie grasses. Saw-toothed sunflowers reach impressive heights, creating dramatic visual displays.
Winter
The stark beauty of dormant prairie grasses against snow creates a different kind of appeal. Wildlife tracking becomes easier, and the open landscape offers unobstructed views. The preserve is much less visited during winter, providing solitude for those who brave the cold.
Safety, Etiquette & Local Customs
Preserve Guidelines
- Hours: The preserve is open daily from 6:30 a.m. to sunset.
- Pets must be leashed and kept on gravel trails at all times.
- Stay on designated trails to protect sensitive habitats and wildlife.
- Bicycles are permitted only on gravel trails, not on mowed grass paths.
- Collecting plants, animals, or artifacts is prohibited.
- Pack out all trash as facilities are limited.
- Fishing, horseback riding, hunting, camping, and off-road vehicles are not permitted.
Safety Considerations
While Middlefork Savanna is generally a safe destination, visitors should be aware of a few considerations:
- Ticks and mosquitoes are present, especially in warmer months. Use insect repellent and check for ticks after your visit.
- Poison ivy grows in some areas. Learn to identify and avoid this plant (leaves of three, let it be).
- Trails can become muddy after rain. Wear appropriate footwear.
- Bring sufficient water, especially in summer, as drinking water is not available in the preserve.
- Cell phone coverage may be spotty in some areas of the preserve.
- During thunderstorms, seek shelter as the open savanna provides little protection from lightning.
The preserve is managed with prescribed burns as part of its ecological maintenance. These controlled fires are essential for the health of the savanna ecosystem but may temporarily affect access to certain areas. Check the Lake County Forest Preserves website for announcements about prescribed burns before your visit.
Visitor Comments About Middlefork Savanna
“As an avid birder, I was amazed by the diversity at Middlefork Savanna. In just one morning, I spotted over 40 species including a bald eagle and several sandhill cranes. The mix of habitats—wetlands, prairie, and woodland—creates perfect conditions for a variety of birds. The well-maintained trails make it easy to access different areas without disturbing the wildlife.”
“We visited Middlefork Savanna during peak fall color and were absolutely stunned by the beauty. The golden prairie grasses against the backdrop of colorful oak trees created a landscape that seemed straight out of a painting. The loop trail gave us a perfect sample of all the different ecosystems. Bring your camera—every turn in the path offers another postcard-worthy view.”
“What a hidden gem near Chicago! As international visitors, we were looking for authentic American nature experiences, and Middlefork Savanna delivered. The ancient oak trees and vast prairie gave us a glimpse of what this landscape must have looked like centuries ago. We appreciated the educational signs that explained the ecological significance of the savanna. A highlight was watching a great blue heron fishing in the river from one of the boardwalks.”
Practical Travel Tips
What to Bring
- Binoculars for wildlife viewing
- Camera with zoom lens for nature photography
- Water bottle (no drinking fountains in the preserve)
- Sunscreen and hat (many areas have limited shade)
- Insect repellent (especially May through September)
- Field guides for identifying plants and birds
- Trail map (available at the parking area or downloadable)
Best Photography Spots
- The boardwalk over the wetland area for water birds
- The bridge over the North Branch of the Chicago River
- The open prairie sections during golden hour
- The oak savanna in fall when colors are at their peak
- Wildflower meadows in late spring and summer
Accessibility Notes
- Main gravel trails are relatively flat and accessible
- Boardwalks provide stable surfaces for viewing wetlands
- The parking area has designated accessible spaces
- Mowed grass paths may be challenging for wheelchairs
- No restroom facilities within the preserve
For a complete experience, consider combining your visit to Middlefork Savanna with nearby attractions. The Wildlife Discovery Center at Elawa Farm makes an excellent complementary stop, especially for families with children. Downtown Lake Forest offers dining and shopping options for after your preserve visit.
Your Gateway to Illinois’ Natural Heritage
Middlefork Savanna Nature Preserve offers a rare glimpse into Illinois’ natural heritage—a living museum of what much of the Midwest looked like before European settlement. With its ancient oak trees, vibrant prairie ecosystems, and diverse wildlife, this preserve provides an accessible escape into nature just a short drive from Chicago. Whether you’re an avid birder, a photography enthusiast, or simply someone seeking tranquility among ancient trees, Middlefork Savanna rewards visitors in every season with its natural beauty and ecological significance. As you plan your visit, remember that you’re not just experiencing a park—you’re stepping into one of the last remnants of a once-vast ecosystem that shaped the history and culture of the Midwest.
The above is subject to change.
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