Did you know that Assateague Island’s famous wild horses have survived on this barrier island for over 300 years, descendants of domestic horses that likely swam ashore from a shipwrecked Spanish galleon? These majestic creatures roam freely across 37 miles of pristine beaches, salt marshes, and coastal forests, creating one of the most unique wildlife viewing experiences on the East Coast. As you plan your visit to this natural wonderland, prepare for an unforgettable adventure where wild ponies gallop alongside crashing waves and countless bird species soar overhead.
Getting to Assateague Island
Assateague Island is accessible from two main entry points: the Maryland side (Assateague Island National Seashore) and the Virginia side (Chincoteague National Wildlife Refuge). For the Maryland entrance, head to Berlin, MD, about 8 miles from Ocean City. The Virginia entrance is located near Chincoteague Island, approximately 3 hours from Washington D.C.
By Air
The closest major airports to Assateague Island are Salisbury-Ocean City Wicomico Regional Airport (30 miles), Baltimore-Washington International (130 miles), and Norfolk International Airport (95 miles from the Virginia entrance). From these airports, you’ll need to rent a car to reach the island.
Find the best flight deals to visit Assateague Island
By Car
For the Maryland entrance, take US-50 to MD-611 South (Stephen Decatur Highway), then follow signs to Assateague Island National Seashore. For the Virginia entrance, take US-13 to VA-175 East toward Chincoteague, then follow signs to the Chincoteague National Wildlife Refuge.
Explore Assateague Island at your own pace
Best Time to Visit Assateague Island
Spring (April-May)
Spring offers mild temperatures (60-75°F) and fewer crowds. This is an excellent time for bird watching as migratory species return. You might also spot new foals, as many horses give birth in late spring.
Summer (June-August)
Summer brings warm temperatures (75-85°F) perfect for swimming and beach activities. This is peak tourist season with the best wildlife viewing opportunities, but expect more crowds and insects.
Fall (September-October)
Fall offers pleasant temperatures (65-75°F) and fewer crowds after Labor Day. The annual bird migration makes this an excellent time for bird watching, and the mosquito population decreases.
Insider Tip: Mid-May through October is considered the best time for wild pony watching, especially if you want to see foals. The annual Pony Swim and Auction in Chincoteague occurs on the last Wednesday and Thursday of July.
Wildlife Viewing on Assateague Island
The wild horses are undoubtedly the stars of Assateague Island, but the diverse ecosystem supports an incredible variety of wildlife. The island serves as a crucial habitat for over 320 bird species, making it a paradise for bird watchers and nature photographers.
Wild Horse Viewing
The best places to spot wild horses include the Wildlife Drive, Woodland Trail, and beach areas. Early morning and late afternoon offer the best viewing opportunities. Remember to maintain a distance of at least 40 feet from the horses for your safety and theirs.
Important: Never feed or touch the wild horses. This is illegal and dangerous, as the horses are wild animals that can kick, bite, or charge. Feeding them human food can make them sick or cause them to become aggressive.
Experience the Wild Ponies Up Close
Join a guided wildlife cruise to safely observe the wild ponies in their natural habitat
Bird Watching
Assateague Island is a premier destination on the Atlantic Flyway, with opportunities to spot peregrine falcons, snow geese, great blue herons, snowy egrets, and many more species. The best bird watching spots include the marsh areas along Wildlife Drive and the Life of the Forest and Life of the Marsh trails.
Beach Activities and Recreation
Assateague Island boasts over 37 miles of pristine Atlantic beaches, offering visitors a wide range of recreational opportunities. Unlike many East Coast beaches, Assateague’s shoreline remains undeveloped, providing a natural experience that’s increasingly rare.
Swimming
The Maryland district offers guarded beaches from late May through early September. The Virginia side has no lifeguards, so swim at your own risk. Water temperatures range from the 50s°F in spring to the mid-70s°F in summer.
Fishing
Surf fishing is popular on both sides of the island. Common catches include bluefish, drum, flounder, and striped bass. A Maryland or Virginia fishing license is required depending on which side you’re visiting.
Shell Collecting
The beaches of Assateague are excellent for shell collecting, especially after storms. The southern tip at Tom’s Cove (Virginia side) is particularly productive for finding whelks, scallops, and other interesting specimens.
Stay Near the Beach
Find the perfect accommodations in nearby Ocean City or Chincoteague
Water Activities and Tours
Kayaking and Canoeing
Exploring Assateague’s bayside waters by kayak or canoe offers a unique perspective on the island’s ecology and wildlife. Paddle through serene salt marshes and shallow bays where you might spot horses drinking at the water’s edge, various bird species, and even dolphins in the distance.
Explore Assateague by Water
Experience the island’s unique ecosystem from a different perspective
Boat Tours
Several operators offer boat tours around Assateague Island, providing comfortable wildlife viewing opportunities without the physical exertion of paddling. These tours are especially popular for families with young children or those with limited mobility.
“The pontoon boat tour gave us amazing views of the wild ponies drinking at the water’s edge. Our guide was knowledgeable about the island’s history and wildlife. Definitely a highlight of our trip!”
Camping on Assateague Island
Camping on Assateague Island offers a rare opportunity to stay overnight in the midst of this unique coastal wilderness. Fall asleep to the sound of crashing waves and wake up to wild horses grazing near your campsite. Camping is only available on the Maryland side of the island.
Oceanside Camping
These sites are located just behind the dunes with easy beach access. They offer little to no shade and are exposed to winds, but provide stunning ocean views and sounds. Sites include a picnic table and fire ring.
Bayside Camping
Located on the Chincoteague Bay side, these sites offer more protection from winds and some shade. They’re ideal for viewing spectacular sunsets and accessing the bay for kayaking and canoeing.
Backcountry Camping
For a more primitive experience, backcountry camping is permitted in designated areas. These sites are accessible only by foot or paddle craft and offer true solitude in nature.
Reservation Information: Campsites can be reserved up to six months in advance through Recreation.gov. Reservations are strongly recommended, especially during summer months when sites fill quickly.
Camping with Horses: Wild horses frequently visit campsites looking for food. Store all food, coolers, and scented items in your vehicle. Never feed or approach the horses. Use designated food storage lockers if you don’t have a vehicle.
Hiking and Biking Trails
Assateague Island offers several well-maintained trails that showcase the diverse ecosystems of this barrier island. From maritime forests to salt marshes, these trails provide excellent opportunities for wildlife viewing and photography.
Top Hiking Trails
Biking on Assateague
Biking is one of the best ways to explore Assateague Island. The Maryland district offers a 4-mile paved bike path that connects the visitor center to the beach area. On the Virginia side, the Wildlife Loop (3.25 miles) is open to cyclists before 3 PM.
Bike Rentals: Bicycles can be rented in nearby Berlin, MD, or Chincoteague, VA. Some rental companies will deliver bikes to the island for an additional fee.
Assateague Lighthouse
Standing 142 feet tall, the iconic Assateague Lighthouse has guided mariners safely past the treacherous shoals off Assateague Island since 1867. Located on the Virginia side of the island within the Chincoteague National Wildlife Refuge, this historic red and white striped beacon continues to operate as an active aid to navigation.
Visiting the Lighthouse
Visitors can climb the 198 steps to the top of the lighthouse for panoramic views of Assateague and Chincoteague Islands. The lighthouse is typically open to visitors from April through November, with hours varying by season.
“The climb is worth it! The views from the top of the lighthouse are spectacular, offering a unique perspective of the island’s geography and wildlife habitats.”
Practical Information
Entrance Fees
Maryland side (National Seashore): $25 per vehicle (valid for 7 days), $45 Annual Pass, or use America the Beautiful passes.
Virginia side (Wildlife Refuge): $10 per vehicle (valid for 7 days), $25 Annual Pass, or use America the Beautiful passes.
Visitor Centers
Maryland: Assateague Island Visitor Center open daily 9 AM to 5 PM (shorter hours in winter).
Virginia: Herbert H. Bateman Educational and Administrative Center open daily 9 AM to 4 PM (longer hours in summer).
Amenities
Restrooms and outdoor showers available at developed beaches. Food and supplies must be brought with you or purchased in nearby towns. No restaurants or stores on the island itself.
Weather Advisory: Assateague Island can experience extreme weather conditions. Summer brings high temperatures, humidity, and insects. Winter can be windy and cold. Always check weather forecasts before your visit and come prepared.
Where to Stay Near Assateague Island
Since overnight accommodations on Assateague Island are limited to camping, most visitors stay in nearby towns. The two main gateway communities are Ocean City, Maryland and Chincoteague, Virginia, each offering a different atmosphere and range of lodging options.
Ocean City, Maryland
Located just 8 miles north of the Maryland entrance to Assateague, Ocean City offers a wide range of accommodations from luxury oceanfront hotels to budget-friendly motels and vacation rentals. This bustling beach town provides numerous dining options, entertainment, and nightlife.
Chincoteague, Virginia
This charming island town provides access to the Virginia portion of Assateague. Chincoteague offers a more relaxed, small-town atmosphere with locally-owned B&Bs, inns, and vacation rentals. The town is known for its excellent seafood restaurants and quaint shops.
Find Your Perfect Stay
Browse accommodations in Ocean City and Chincoteague to find the perfect base for your Assateague adventure
Essential Tips for Visiting Assateague Island
Wildlife Safety
Beach Essentials
Planning Ahead
Insect Protection: During summer months, mosquitoes and biting flies can be intense on Assateague Island. Wear long sleeves and pants in early morning and evening, use insect repellent, and consider head nets for hiking in wooded areas.
Experience the Magic of Assateague Island
Assateague Island offers a rare glimpse into what coastal landscapes looked like before development transformed much of America’s shoreline. The opportunity to witness wild horses galloping along pristine beaches, explore diverse ecosystems teeming with wildlife, and camp under star-filled skies makes this barrier island a truly special destination.
Whether you come for a day trip or an extended stay, Assateague’s natural wonders will leave you with lasting memories and a deeper appreciation for our protected wild spaces. From the thrill of spotting a herd of wild ponies to the simple pleasure of collecting shells along an undeveloped shoreline, Assateague Island invites you to disconnect from the modern world and reconnect with nature.
Pack your binoculars, camera, and sense of adventure—Assateague Island awaits with its wild beauty and untamed spirit.
Plan Your Assateague Adventure
Start planning your perfect getaway to this natural paradise
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The above is subject to change.
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