You might be surprised to know that a stunning natural gem in western New York has been voted the best state park in the United States. Spanning over 14,000 acres across two counties, this park is a treasure trove of outdoor activities and breathtaking landscapes.
Often referred to as the “Grand Canyon of the East,” this state park boasts dramatic gorges, lush forests, and three magnificent waterfalls. You can hike, bike, camp, or even take a hot air balloon ride to experience the park’s natural beauty. With its unique geological features, including cliffs as high as 600 feet, this park is a must-visit destination for outdoor enthusiasts.
Discover the best things to do in this incredible state park and make the most of your visit.
Discovering the “Grand Canyon of the East”
Letchworth State Park, known as the “Grand Canyon of the East,” is a breathtaking destination that offers a unique blend of natural beauty and outdoor adventure. As you explore this magnificent park, you’ll be surrounded by the stunning scenery of the Genesee River gorge.
Park Overview and Location
Letchworth State Park is located on the western edge of the New York Finger Lakes region, approximately 40 miles south of Rochester. Spanning over 14,000 acres, this vast park is nestled in both Livingston and Wyoming counties, making it one of the largest state parks in the region.
The park‘s expansive size offers plenty of opportunities for exploration and discovery, with its diverse landscapes and ecosystems.
The Genesee River Gorge
The Genesee River is the lifeblood of Letchworth State Park, carving a deep gorge through shale, silt, and sandstone over thousands of years. This dramatic landscape has created the “Grand Canyon of the East,” with sheer walls rising as high as 600 feet in some areas.
As you take in the breathtaking views, you’ll be struck by the natural beauty of the Genesee River and its three major waterfalls, which cascade through the gorge.
Planning Your Visit to Letchworth State Park
To experience the best of Letchworth State Park, it’s essential to plan your visit carefully. Letchworth State Park is open year-round from 6:00 am to 11:00 pm daily, but some facilities and attractions may close during the winter months due to safety and maintenance concerns.
Best Time to Visit
The best time to visit Letchworth State Park largely depends on your preferences. Spring is ideal for witnessing the powerful waterfalls, while summer is perfect for enjoying various recreation activities. If you prefer spectacular foliage, fall is the season to visit. For a quieter experience with snow activities, winter is a great option.
Park Entrances and Fees
Letchworth State Park has six entrances, with three on the west side (Mount Morris, Perry, Castile, and Portageville) and two on the east side (Mt. Morris Dam and Parade Grounds). For the best experience, entering from the west is recommended as it provides access to most of the park’s highlights. The vehicle entrance fee is $10, collected from May 9th to October 19th between 9:00 am and 5:00 pm daily. An Empire Pass is available for $80 for frequent visitors to New York state parks.
Getting Around the Park
Navigating the 17-mile length of Letchworth State Park is relatively straightforward using Park Road, which runs along the western rim and provides access to most major attractions. You can use the NYS Parks Explorer App for navigation, as cell service can be spotty throughout the park. Be aware that some parking lots fill up quickly during peak season, so plan accordingly.
The Magnificent Waterfalls of Letchworth
As you explore Letchworth State Park, you’ll be captivated by the beauty of its three main waterfalls. The park is most well-known for these natural wonders, located at the southern end of the park along the Genesee River. The unique aspect of these waterfalls is their naming convention, which might seem counterintuitive at first. Upper Falls, Middle Falls, and Lower Falls are named in a way that doesn’t follow their geographical order from north to south; instead, they are named based on the river’s flow direction, which is northward.
Upper Falls and the Genesee Arch Bridge
Upper Falls, despite being the southernmost waterfall, boasts a distinctive horseshoe shape. One of its most striking features is the Genesee Arch Bridge, a steel railroad bridge that spans the gorge. This bridge is not only an engineering marvel but also provides a dramatic backdrop for Upper Falls, especially when freight trains rumble across it.
Middle Falls – The Park’s Centerpiece
Standing at an impressive 107 feet tall and over 250 feet wide, Middle Falls is the park’s centerpiece and its most breathtaking waterfall. It bears a resemblance to a smaller version of Niagara Falls, with vast volumes of water crashing over its relatively short drop. This cataract waterfall is the most popular among visitors and offers a magical experience, especially on sunny days around midday when a hidden rainbow appears, creating a wonderful photography opportunity.
Lower Falls and Stone Footbridge
Lower Falls, while the smallest of the three, is arguably the most picturesque. Its quaint and quiet nature makes it a serene spot within the park. The stone footbridge near Lower Falls offers unique perspectives and views, making it a favorite among visitors. The tranquility of this area, combined with its natural beauty, provides a compelling reason to visit.
| Waterfall | Height | Notable Features |
|---|---|---|
| Upper Falls | N/A | Horseshoe shape, Genesee Arch Bridge |
| Middle Falls | 107 feet | Large volume of water, hidden rainbow |
| Lower Falls | N/A | Quaint, stone footbridge |
Beyond these three main waterfalls, Letchworth State Park is home to approximately 100 waterfalls of various sizes, with 25 named falls and many seasonal ones that flow primarily during spring. The Genesee River, which flows north through the park, is the lifeblood of these waterfalls, making the park a unique and fascinating destination for nature lovers and photographers alike.
Must-Visit Scenic Overlooks
As you explore Letchworth State Park, you’ll discover a series of breathtaking scenic overlooks that offer unparalleled views of the Genesee River gorge. These viewpoints are a must-visit, providing panoramic vistas that will leave you in awe of the park’s natural splendor.
Inspiration Point
Inspiration Point is one of the park’s most spectacular viewpoints, offering a bird’s-eye view of both Upper and Middle Falls, the railroad bridge, and the deep gorge. This viewpoint is ideal for photography, especially during sunset or when the Milky Way is visible in the late summer sky. Take a moment to appreciate the interpretive signs along the walkway, which provide insight into the history and geological makeup of the gorge.
Great Bend Overlook
The Great Bend Overlook showcases a dramatic horseshoe-shaped bend in the Genesee River, with towering cliffs and a massive center island covered in trees. This viewpoint is considered the premier sunrise photography location in the park, especially when morning mist fills the gorge. The unique landscape makes it a perfect spot to capture the beauty of Letchworth at dawn.
Archery Field and Other Viewpoints
Located near Great Bend, the Archery Field Overlook offers another perspective on the horseshoe bend and is less crowded than some other viewpoints. Other notable viewpoints include Hogsback Overlook in the northern section, which dramatically showcases the changing water levels of the Genesee River throughout the year. Stopping at multiple overlooks along Park Road is worthwhile, as each offers a unique perspective on the gorge and surrounding landscape.
When visiting these scenic overlooks, consider the best times for optimal lighting and photography conditions. Parking and crowd levels can vary, so plan your visit accordingly to make the most of your experience at Letchworth State Park.
Hiking the Trails of Letchworth State Park
With 29 trails spanning 66 miles, Letchworth State Park is a hiker’s paradise. The park’s extensive trail network offers something for everyone, from easy strolls to more challenging hikes.
Gorge Trail (#1) – The Park’s Signature Hike
The Gorge Trail (#1) is the park’s signature hiking experience, running 7 miles along the western rim of the gorge. This trail connects the three main waterfalls and numerous scenic overlooks, offering breathtaking views of the Genesee River. You can hike the entire trail or choose shorter sections, making it accessible to hikers of various skill levels.
Tips for Hiking the Gorge Trail: Wear waterproof footwear, especially in spring when trails can be muddy. Bring multiple layers of clothing and carry sufficient water to stay hydrated.
Finger Lakes Trail
For a more secluded hiking experience, try the Finger Lakes Trail, which runs for 24 miles along the eastern rim of the gorge. This trail offers a peaceful alternative to the more crowded Gorge Trail, allowing you to connect with nature in a serene environment.
Family-Friendly Trail Options
Letchworth State Park also offers several family-friendly trail options, including shorter loops and accessible paths suitable for children or those with limited mobility. These trails provide a great way to introduce kids to hiking and explore the park’s natural beauty together.
Some of the lesser-known trails, such as the Mary Jemison Trail, Hemlock Trail, and Portage Trail, offer unique natural features and historical significance, making them worth exploring.
The Autism Nature Trail (A.N.T.)
The Autism Nature Trail, a recent addition to Letchworth State Park, offers an inclusive outdoor experience. Opened in September 2021, this trail is specifically designed to provide opportunities for individuals of all abilities to engage with nature.
Accessible Features and Stations
The A.N.T. is a one-mile loop with a crushed stone surface, making it ADA-compliant and easily navigable by wheelchairs and strollers. Along this accessible trail, you’ll find eight unique sensory stations designed to engage visitors through various activities that stimulate touch, sound, sight, and movement. These stations are carefully crafted to connect individuals with nature in a meaningful way.
Educational Opportunities
The Autism Nature Trail is not only a recreational resource but also an educational environment. It provides a safe and inclusive space for individuals with autism or other related disabilities to explore and learn. The trail’s design and activities foster a deeper appreciation for nature and promote learning through interactive experiences.
Located near the Humphrey Nature Center, the A.N.T. is easily accessible and can be combined with a visit to the nature center for a comprehensive experience. Whether you’re visiting with family or enjoying a peaceful stroll, the Autism Nature Trail offers a unique and enjoyable experience for all park visitors.
Exploring the Historic Glen Iris Inn
Step into the Glen Iris Inn, where history and natural beauty converge. This historic inn is one of the most significant structures within Letchworth State Park, offering a unique experience for visitors.
William Pryor Letchworth’s Legacy
The Glen Iris Inn was originally the estate home of William Pryor Letchworth, a successful businessman and philanthropist. He built this estate as a personal retreat, gradually expanding his holdings to over 1,000 acres. Before his death, Letchworth gifted his entire estate to New York State to be preserved as a public park, showcasing his conservation ethic.
Dining at the Glen Iris Inn
The Glen Iris Inn is not only a historic landmark but also a place where you can enjoy fine dining. Caroline’s Dining Room serves regional cuisine for breakfast, lunch, and dinner. The inn’s prime location next to Middle Falls means you can enjoy spectacular views of the waterfall from the dining patio.
Whether you’re looking to stay overnight or just dine, the Glen Iris Inn is a must-visit. Be sure to book your stay or dinner in advance, as it is a popular destination. The inn operates seasonally, typically from May through October, but alternative accommodations are available for year-round visits.
Visiting the William Pryor Letchworth Museum
History comes alive at the William Pryor Letchworth Museum, located adjacent to the Glen Iris Inn in Letchworth State Park. This charming museum, originally built as William Pryor Letchworth’s personal library, now houses a diverse collection of historical artifacts and exhibits that showcase the park’s rich cultural and natural heritage.
Historical Artifacts and Exhibits
The museum’s collection includes a wide range of historical items, from geological specimens and wildlife displays to tools and household items used by early European settlers. You’ll discover exhibits that tell the story of frontier life, as well as displays that highlight the park’s natural history, including the formation of the Genesee River Gorge.
| Exhibit | Description |
|---|---|
| Geological Specimens | Displays showcasing the geological history of the park |
| Native American Artifacts | Artifacts from the Seneca and Iroquois nations |
| Wildlife Displays | Exhibits featuring the park’s diverse wildlife |
Native American Heritage
The museum also features an impressive collection of Native American artifacts, particularly from the Seneca and Iroquois nations, who historically inhabited the Genesee Valley region. These exhibits provide valuable insights into the lives and traditions of the native people, enriching your understanding of the park’s cultural heritage.
The museum is typically open from May to October, and a small donation is suggested. Its beautifully crafted stone structure complements the natural surroundings of the park, making it a worthwhile visit for history enthusiasts and nature lovers alike.
The Mount Morris Dam
As you visit Letchworth State Park, a must-see attraction is the Mount Morris Dam, a crucial structure for flood control in the Genesee Valley. This impressive dam is not only a significant engineering feat but also a vital component in protecting the communities downstream.
Engineering Marvel and Guided Tours
The Mount Morris Dam stands at an impressive 313 feet tall and stretches 1,028 feet across the Genesee River gorge, making it the largest concrete gravity dam east of the Mississippi River. Built by the US Army Corps of Engineers in the 1940s and 1950s, this dam is a testament to modern engineering. Visitors can take guided tours from spring through fall, which last about 45 minutes and provide access to the top of the dam. It’s recommended to book these tours at least 7 days in advance via Recreation.gov.
- Discover the Mount Morris Dam, an engineering marvel located at the northern end of Letchworth State Park.
- Learn about the guided tours available seasonally, offering views from the top of the dam.
- Understand the dam’s critical role in flood control for the Genesee Valley.
Flood Control and Conservation
The Mount Morris Dam plays a vital role in protecting the Genesee Valley from devastating floods, having prevented millions of dollars in flood damage since its construction. The William B. Hoyt II Visitor Center at the dam provides educational exhibits on its construction, operation, and environmental impact. Visitors can enjoy the scenic overlook at the dam year-round, offering spectacular views of the structure and the northern section of the gorge.
By visiting the Mount Morris Dam, you not only witness an engineering marvel but also contribute to the understanding and appreciation of this critical infrastructure within Letchworth State Park.
Adventure Activities at Letchworth State Park
For those seeking adventure, Letchworth State Park offers a range of thrilling activities that allow you to experience the park’s natural beauty from different perspectives. Whether you’re interested in taking to the skies or navigating the rapids, there’s something for everyone.
Hot Air Balloon Rides Over the Gorge
Take a hot air balloon ride over the gorge to witness the breathtaking views of Letchworth State Park from above. These tours depart from the Upper Falls parking area and offer an unparalleled perspective on the park’s waterfalls and canyon. Be sure to book in advance with Balloons Over Letchworth, as these rides are weather-dependent and can be cancelled due to conditions like strong winds. The cost starts around $425 per person.
Whitewater Rafting on the Genesee River
Experience the thrill of whitewater rafting on the Genesee River, where you’ll navigate through Class I and II rapids as you float down the deep gorge. Trips typically last 2-3 hours and are suitable for families and groups. The rafting season runs from April through October, and excursions can be booked through Adventure Calls Outfitters for around $50 per person. Don’t forget to check the weather forecast, as rafting is weather-dependent.
Seasonal Recreation Options
Letchworth State Park offers a variety of seasonal recreation options to enjoy throughout the year. In the winter, you can try cross-country skiing, snowshoeing, and snow tubing. During the summer, take advantage of the Olympic-sized swimming pool at the Highbanks Recreation Area, included with your park entrance fee. Other adventure options include fishing in the Genesee River (with proper licensing) and horseback riding on designated trails within the park.
Wildlife Viewing and Nature Exploration
As you explore Letchworth State Park, you’ll discover a rich tapestry of wildlife and natural habitats. The park’s diverse ecosystems, including wetlands, hemlock forests, and meadows, support a wide range of species, making it a haven for nature enthusiasts and wildlife viewers.
Bird Watching in a Conservation Area
Letchworth State Park is recognized as a Bird Conservation Area (BCA) and an Important Bird Area by the National Audubon Society. This designation is a testament to the park’s exceptional bird diversity, with over twenty species of wood warblers regularly nesting within the park. The best locations for bird watching include the quieter areas along the eastern rim and near wetland habitats, where you can spot a variety of species throughout the year.
- Seasonal bird watching opportunities abound, from spring migration to winter residents.
- More than twenty-five species of wood warblers have been known to nest in the southern section of the park.
Flora and Fauna of the Park
The park is home to an estimated 15,000 different organisms, making it one of New York’s most biologically diverse areas. In addition to its rich birdlife, Letchworth State Park is inhabited by various mammals, such as white-tailed deer and wild turkeys, as well as reptiles and amphibians. The diverse habitats within the park, including old-growth forests and riparian zones, support a wide range of wildlife communities.
To make the most of your wildlife viewing experience, consider visiting during the early morning or late afternoon when animals are most active. Bringing binoculars and a camera can also enhance your experience, allowing you to capture and observe wildlife from a safe distance.
The Humphrey Nature Center
Your journey through Letchworth State Park can begin at the Humphrey Nature Center, a modern facility located just minutes from the Castile entrance. This center is not only a great spot to make a family pit stop but also serves as the park’s primary environmental education hub.
Engaging Interactive Exhibits
The Humphrey Nature Center boasts interactive exhibits that engage visitors of all ages. These hands-on displays highlight the park’s geology, ecology, wildlife, and conservation efforts, making it an educational and fun experience. Some of the popular exhibit features include a tree slide and wildlife viewing windows, which provide a unique way to explore the natural surroundings.
Comprehensive Educational Programs
The center offers year-round educational programs, including guided walks, workshops, and lectures, catering to visitors of all ages. It’s also a starting point for the Autism Nature Trail (A.N.T.), making it a convenient location for exploring multiple attractions within the park. Seasonal activities, such as the monarch butterfly rearing program, further enhance the educational experience.
| Feature | Description |
|---|---|
| Interactive Exhibits | Hands-on displays about the park’s geology, ecology, and wildlife |
| Educational Programs | Guided walks, workshops, and lectures for all ages |
| Autism Nature Trail (A.N.T.) | Starts at the Humphrey Nature Center, offering a unique outdoor experience |
Camping and Accommodation Options in Letchworth State Park
Whether you’re looking to camp under the stars or stay in a cozy inn, Letchworth State Park has you covered. The park offers a wide range of camping and accommodation options to suit various needs and preferences.
Campgrounds and Cabins
Letchworth State Park is home to an extensive array of camping opportunities, including 257 tent and trailer campsites spread across multiple camping loops and 81 cabins of varying styles and amenities. You can choose from different camping areas, with loops 100, 200, 700, and 800 allowing pets, while others do not. The cabin options range from rustic units with minimal amenities to more modern accommodations with electricity, running water, and heating, priced between $60 to $156 per night.
Reservation System: It’s essential to book your campsite or cabin well in advance, especially during peak seasons like summer weekends and fall foliage season, through Reserve America. The seasonal availability of various camping areas varies, so plan accordingly.
Staying at the Glen Iris Inn
For a more luxurious stay, consider the historic Glen Iris Inn, which offers a unique accommodation experience. The inn has 12 guest rooms in the main building, with additional options available in nearby cottages and lodges. Enjoy the charm and comfort of this historic inn, making your stay at Letchworth State Park even more memorable.
Nearby Accommodation Options
If you prefer to stay outside the park, there are several nearby accommodation options available. The Oak Valley Inn, located about 15 minutes from the north entrance, is a convenient choice. You can also explore various vacation rentals, such as the Gate House near the Perry entrance, ideal for families or small groups.
Additionally, Letchworth State Park offers special accommodation options like Parker’s Hideaway, a renovated Civilian Conservation Corps building that sleeps six people, providing more privacy than standard cabins. Group camping facilities are also available for non-profit organizations, featuring primitive tent-only sites that require direct reservation through the park office.
Seasonal Highlights at Letchworth
Letchworth State Park is a year-round destination that transforms with each season, offering unique experiences and natural highlights. Whether you’re visiting in the spring, summer, fall, or winter, the park has something special to offer.
Spring Waterfalls and Wildflowers
In the spring, Letchworth comes alive with the sound of roaring waterfalls and the vibrant colors of emerging wildflowers. As snow melts and rainfall increases, the waterfalls reach their peak flow, creating a breathtaking spectacle. The fresh greenery and blooming flowers add to the park’s beauty, making it a perfect time for hiking and exploration.
Summer Activities and Swimming
Summer at Letchworth is all about enjoying the outdoors. The Highbanks Recreation Area is a hub of activity, with its Olympic-sized swimming pool being a major attraction. Visitors can also enjoy picnicking, fishing, and ranger-led programs that take advantage of the longer daylight hours. The lush green surroundings and warm weather make it an ideal time for outdoor adventures.
Fall Foliage Spectacle
Fall is perhaps the most spectacular season at Letchworth, with the gorge walls turning into a kaleidoscope of colors. The peak foliage season typically occurs in mid-October, attracting visitors from all over. The vibrant reds, oranges, and yellows create a stunning backdrop for hiking and photography.
| Season | Highlights | Activities |
|---|---|---|
| Spring | Roaring waterfalls, wildflowers | Hiking, exploration |
| Summer | Lush greenery, swimming pool | Swimming, picnicking, fishing |
| Fall | Vibrant foliage | Hiking, photography |
Practical Tips for Visiting Letchworth State Park
To make the most of your visit to Letchworth State Park, consider these practical tips. Being prepared will enhance your experience and ensure a safe and enjoyable trip.
What to Pack
Packing the right items is crucial for a comfortable visit. Waterproof hiking shoes are a must, especially during spring when the trails can be extremely muddy. Don’t forget a camera lens cloth to clean the mist from your lens when capturing the beauty of the waterfalls. Bringing lunch and snacks is also recommended, as once you’re in the park, you might not want to leave until the day is over. A park map, available for free at entrances and visitor centers, will help you navigate the park.
Safety Considerations
Safety should be your top priority when exploring Letchworth State Park. Stay on marked trails and keep a safe distance from the gorge edges. Be aware of changing weather conditions, as they can impact trail safety. Visiting during less crowded times, such as weekdays or early mornings, can also enhance your experience.
Cell Service and Navigation
Cell phone service is limited throughout much of Letchworth State Park. To navigate effectively, download the NYS Parks Explorer App before your visit. This app provides offline maps and GPS assistance, ensuring you can find your way even without cell service. Planning your day with this app will help you make the most of your time.
Conclusion: Why Letchworth State Park Deserves Its Reputation
Letchworth State Park has earned its reputation as one of America’s finest state parks, and for good reason. In 2015, it won the USA TODAY Readers’ Choice Award for Best State Park in the United States, beating out over 6,000 other parks nationwide.
Its diverse attractions make it a must-visit destination in New York. From the three magnificent waterfalls to the deep gorge with 600-foot cliffs, there’s something for every type of visitor. The park’s rich history, including William Pryor Letchworth’s conservation legacy, adds to its appeal.
Whether you’re a casual sightseer, an adventure enthusiast, or a nature lover, Letchworth has something exciting to offer. Its year-round appeal means each season brings unique experiences and natural beauty. As you plan your visit, you’ll understand why Letchworth continues to be recognized as not just one of New York’s best attractions, but one of America’s finest state parks. With its award-winning status and diverse offerings, Letchworth State Park is a park you won’t want to miss.
Make the most of your visit by exploring its many trails, taking in the scenic overlooks, and enjoying the various adventure activities available. Letchworth State Park is truly a treasure worth experiencing.
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The above is subject to change.
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