Amazon Rainforest, Colombia: Best Things to Do – Top Picks

Did you know that Colombia’s Amazon region covers nearly one-third of the country’s territory yet houses less than 1% of its population? This pristine wilderness represents one of the last frontiers of authentic rainforest exploration in South America, where visitors can still encounter indigenous communities living traditional lifestyles largely unchanged for centuries. As the world’s most biodiverse country per square meter, Colombia’s portion of the Amazon offers unparalleled opportunities to witness rare wildlife and plant species found nowhere else on Earth.

Getting There & Planning Your Journey

The primary gateway to Colombia’s Amazon is Leticia, a charming frontier town situated at the triple border with Brazil and Peru. This unique location allows visitors to experience three Amazonian countries in one trip. To reach Leticia, you’ll need to catch a domestic flight from Bogotá, as there are no road connections to the rest of Colombia. The flight takes approximately 1 hour and 45 minutes.

Several airlines including Avianca, LATAM, and Satena offer daily flights to Leticia. It’s advisable to book your tickets at least a few weeks in advance, especially during high season (December-January and June-July), as flights can fill up quickly.

Before traveling to the Amazon, ensure you have the yellow fever vaccine at least 10 days prior to your trip. It’s also recommended to bring malaria tablets, though risk varies by season. Most lodges and tour operators in the region offer packages that include transportation from Leticia, accommodation, meals, and guided excursions.

Best Time to Visit & Weather Tips

Best Time to Visit Amazon Rainforest, Colombia

The Colombian Amazon can be visited year-round, as the tropical climate maintains relatively consistent temperatures ranging from 25°C to 30°C (77°F to 86°F). However, rainfall patterns create two distinct seasons that offer different experiences:

For the best overall experience, consider visiting during the transitional months (November-December or June-July) when you can enjoy aspects of both seasons. Regardless of when you visit, expect high humidity and plan for daily rain showers by packing appropriate gear.

Getting Around Locally

Transportation in the Colombian Amazon primarily revolves around waterways, with the mighty Amazon River and its tributaries serving as the main highways of the region. Here are the primary ways to get around:

River Travel

Boats are the primary mode of transportation between communities and attractions. From Leticia, you can take boat trips to nearby destinations like Puerto Nariño (approximately 2 hours upriver) or to various indigenous communities and natural reserves. Boats range from small motorized canoes (locally called “peque-peques”) to larger passenger boats for longer journeys.

In Leticia

• Moto-taxis: The most common form of transportation within Leticia and neighboring Tabatinga (Brazil)
• Bicycle rentals: Available for around 25,000 Colombian pesos per day (approximately $7 USD)
• Walking: Many attractions within Leticia are accessible on foot

For exploring deeper into the rainforest, it’s highly recommended to book organized tours with experienced local guides. They not only ensure your safety but also enhance your experience with their knowledge of the ecosystem and indigenous cultures.

Where to Stay

The Colombian Amazon offers a range of accommodation options, from comfortable hotels in Leticia to authentic jungle lodges deep in the rainforest. Your choice of lodging will significantly impact your Amazon experience.

Leticia Accommodations

Leticia offers the most conventional accommodation options in the region, with several hotels ranging from basic to comfortable:

• Hotel Waira Suites: A comfortable 3-star option in the center of town with air conditioning and modern amenities
• Hotel Anaconda: Offers riverside rooms with balconies overlooking the Amazon
• Hotel La Ceiba: Budget-friendly option with clean rooms and a central location

Jungle Lodges

For a more immersive experience, consider staying at one of the jungle lodges located outside of Leticia:

• Calanoa Natural Reserve: Artistic eco-lodge with beautiful bungalows and cultural programs
• Reserva Natural Tanimboca: Offers unique treehouse accommodations 30 meters above the forest floor
• Zacambu Rainforest Lodge: Remote lodge offering wildlife observation and indigenous community visits

Indigenous Community Stays

For the most authentic cultural experience, some indigenous communities offer basic accommodations in traditional malokas (communal houses):

• Mocagua Community: Known for wildlife conservation efforts, especially with woolly monkeys
• Macedonia Community: Famous for handicrafts and traditional dance performances
• San Martín de Amacayacu: Offers community-based ecotourism with local guides

Dining & Local Cuisine

Amazonian cuisine is a fascinating blend of indigenous traditions and influences from Colombia, Peru, and Brazil. The diet is heavily based on river fish, tropical fruits, and cassava (yuca), creating unique flavors you won’t find elsewhere in Colombia.

Must-Try Amazonian Dishes

• Pirarucú: The Amazon’s iconic giant fish, prepared grilled, fried, or in stews
• Casabe: A flatbread made from cassava, accompanying most meals
• Fariña: Toasted cassava flour used as a condiment or thickener
• Juane: Rice and chicken wrapped in bijao leaves and boiled
• Mojojoy: For the adventurous, these palm tree larvae are a traditional protein source, usually grilled
• Copoazú juice: Refreshing drink made from this Amazonian fruit similar to cacao

Where to Eat

In Leticia, you’ll find several restaurants serving Amazonian specialties:

• El Cielo: Riverside restaurant specializing in fresh fish dishes
• Tierras Amazónicas: Offers traditional dishes with a contemporary twist
• Restaurante Waira: Hotel restaurant with a diverse menu of Amazonian specialties

Most jungle lodges and tours include meals in their packages, offering an authentic taste of Amazonian cuisine prepared with locally sourced ingredients. Don’t miss the opportunity to try fresh tropical fruits like arazá, copoazú, and camu camu, which are packed with nutrients and unique flavors.

Attractions, Sightseeing & Activities

The Colombian Amazon offers a wealth of natural and cultural attractions that showcase the region’s incredible biodiversity and rich indigenous heritage. Here are the top experiences not to miss:

Natural Wonders

• Tarapoto Lakes: A system of blackwater lakes near Puerto Nariño where you can spot pink river dolphins, various bird species, and occasionally giant river otters
• Amacayacu National Park: Spanning 293,500 hectares with over 5,000 plant species and nearly 470 bird species, accessible by boat from Leticia
• Tanimboca Natural Reserve: Offers canopy walkways 30 meters above the forest floor for a unique perspective of the rainforest
• Victoria Regia: Visit the Flor de Loto Nature Reserve to see the world’s largest water lily, with leaves that can grow up to 3 meters in diameter

Wildlife Encounters

• Isla de los Micos (Monkey Island): Home to hundreds of squirrel monkeys that have become habituated to human visitors
• Pink Dolphin Watching: Take a boat tour to observe these unique freshwater dolphins in their natural habitat
• Parque Santander at Dusk: Watch thousands of parrots return to roost in the trees of this central park in Leticia
• Night Safaris: Guided nocturnal excursions to spot caimans, frogs, and other creatures active after dark

Towns and Communities

• Puerto Nariño: Colombia’s “ecological municipality” with no cars, beautiful viewpoints, and sustainable practices
• Tabatinga: Cross the border into this Brazilian town for a taste of a different culture (no passport needed for day visits)
• Indigenous Communities: Visit villages like Macedonia, Mocagua, and San Martín to learn about traditional ways of life

Museums, Cultural Spots & Festivals

While the Amazon is primarily known for its natural attractions, there are several cultural sites and events that offer insight into the region’s rich heritage:

Museums and Cultural Centers

• Museo Etnográfico del Banco de la República: Located in Leticia, this museum houses an impressive collection of indigenous artifacts and offers context about the region’s cultural history
• Mundo Amazónico Ecological Park: Located 7 km from Leticia, this park offers guided tours about medicinal plants, indigenous traditions, and sustainable practices
• Maikuchiga Foundation: A conservation center in Mocagua focused on woolly monkey rehabilitation that also showcases indigenous knowledge about wildlife

Cultural Experiences

• Maloka Visits: Experience traditional communal houses where indigenous knowledge is shared through storytelling and ceremonies
• Handicraft Workshops: Learn about traditional crafts like basket weaving, pottery, and bead jewelry making from indigenous artisans
• Shamanic Ceremonies: Some communities offer the opportunity to participate in traditional healing ceremonies with local shamans (approach these experiences with respect and proper research)

Festivals

If your visit coincides with these events, they offer unique cultural insights:

• Pirarucú Festival (October): Celebrates the iconic Amazon fish with competitions, traditional food, and cultural performances
• Confraternidad (July): A tri-border celebration between Colombia, Peru, and Brazil featuring music, dance, and cultural exchange
• Día de la Amazonía (September 5): Amazon Day celebrations highlighting conservation and indigenous culture

Sports, Nature & Outdoor Experiences

The Colombian Amazon is a paradise for nature enthusiasts and adventure seekers. Here are some of the best outdoor activities to experience:

Water Activities

• Kayaking: Paddle through the calm waters of Tarapoto Lake or smaller tributaries to get close to nature
• Swimming with Pink Dolphins: Take a guided tour to swim in areas frequented by these friendly mammals
• Fishing: Try your hand at catching species like peacock bass or even piranha (catch and release is encouraged)
• River Cruises: Multi-day boat trips that allow you to explore remote areas of the rainforest

Jungle Adventures

• Jungle Trekking: Guided hikes through primary and secondary forest to learn about the ecosystem
• Canopy Tours: Zipline adventures that offer a thrilling perspective of the forest canopy
• Night Walks: Explore the jungle after dark when many creatures become active
• Survival Skills: Learn indigenous techniques for finding food, water, and shelter in the rainforest

Wildlife Observation

• Birdwatching: The region is home to hundreds of bird species, including toucans, macaws, and hoatzins
• Monkey Spotting: Look for various primate species including squirrel monkeys, woolly monkeys, and howler monkeys
• Caiman Spotting: Night excursions to find these reptiles whose eyes glow red when illuminated
• Butterfly Gardens: Visit specialized gardens to see some of the Amazon’s 7,500+ butterfly species

Safety, Etiquette & Local Customs

Traveling in the Colombian Amazon is generally safe, but it’s important to be aware of certain considerations:

Health and Safety

• Vaccinations: Yellow fever vaccine is required at least 10 days before your trip
• Malaria Prevention: Consult your doctor about antimalarial medication and use insect repellent
• Drinking Water: Stick to bottled or purified water; avoid tap water
• First Aid: Bring a basic medical kit as healthcare facilities are limited outside of Leticia
• Wildlife: Always follow your guide’s instructions regarding wildlife encounters

Cultural Etiquette

• Photography: Always ask permission before photographing indigenous people
• Dress: Dress modestly when visiting indigenous communities
• Gifts: Avoid giving candy to children; school supplies or useful items are better alternatives if you wish to bring gifts
• Sacred Ceremonies: Approach traditional ceremonies with respect and follow all instructions
• Environmental Impact: Follow Leave No Trace principles; take out what you bring in

Practical Travel Tips

Packing Essentials

• Lightweight, quick-dry clothing: Long sleeves and pants for protection
• Insect repellent: With at least 20% DEET
• Rain gear: Waterproof jacket and bag covers
• Hiking boots: Waterproof and broken in
• Headlamp or flashlight: Essential for night activities and power outages
• Binoculars: For wildlife spotting
• Dry bags: To protect electronics and documents
• Refillable water bottle: To reduce plastic waste

Communication and Money

• Internet: Available in Leticia but limited or non-existent in remote areas
• Cell Service: Spotty outside of towns; consider downloading offline maps
• Currency: Colombian Pesos are used, though some places accept Brazilian Reais or US Dollars
• ATMs: Available in Leticia but bring enough cash for your entire stay if heading to remote areas

Transportation Tips

• Book Flights Early: Especially during high season
• Pack Light: Small planes may have strict weight restrictions
• Allow Buffer Days: Weather can delay flights and boat journeys
• Rental Options: If you need flexibility in Leticia, consider renting a bicycle or motorbike

Ready for Your Amazon Adventure?

The Colombian Amazon offers a rare glimpse into one of our planet’s most precious ecosystems. From the thrill of spotting pink river dolphins to the profound experience of learning from indigenous communities, this remarkable region promises memories that will last a lifetime. While it requires some effort to reach, the rewards of visiting this pristine wilderness far outweigh the challenges.

As you plan your journey, remember that the best approach to the Amazon is one of respect—for the environment, for the indigenous cultures, and for the delicate balance that has sustained this ecosystem for millennia. By traveling responsibly, you contribute to the preservation of this irreplaceable natural wonder for future generations.