Cayenne, French Guiana: Best Things to Do – Top Picks

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Nestled on the northeastern coast of South America, French Guiana is a hidden gem waiting to be explored. You might be surprised to learn that this overseas department of France boasts a unique blend of European charm and Amazonian wilderness.

As you wander through the vibrant capital, you’ll discover a rich cultural heritage reflected in its colonial architecture, bustling markets, and diverse community. This fascinating destination is a treasure trove of history, nature, and culture, making it an exciting travel experience.

From exploring historic landmarks to immersing yourself in the local culture, there’s no shortage of things to see and do in this captivating place. Whether you’re a history buff, a nature enthusiast, or simply looking for a new destination, Cayenne has something for everyone.

Discovering Cayenne: The Gateway to French Guiana

With its rich history and diverse cultural influences, Cayenne is an exciting destination that promises an unforgettable experience. As the capital of French Guiana, Cayenne is a city that embodies the spirit of this unique South American territory.

Where is French Guiana Located?

French Guiana is situated in the northern part of South America, bordering Brazil to the south and east, and Suriname to the west. It’s the southernmost of the three Guyanas, making it a distinct cultural and geographical entity in the region. As an overseas department of France, French Guiana is technically part of the European Union, offering a blend of European and South American influences.

A Brief History of Cayenne

Cayenne’s history dates back to the early days of Amerindian settlements. The city later became a colonial outpost, eventually growing into the capital of French Guiana. Its strategic location made it an important hub for trade and commerce. The city’s history is also marked by its infamous past as a penal colony, earning it a notorious reputation.

Why Visit This Unique South American Destination

Cayenne offers travelers a distinctive blend of French, Creole, Caribbean, and Amazonian influences, making it a fascinating destination unlike anywhere else on the continent. Visitors can explore the city’s historic center, visit museums, and experience the local cuisine, which reflects the territory’s diverse cultural heritage. Whether you’re interested in history, culture, or nature, Cayenne has something to offer.

Best Time to Visit Cayenne

Cayenne’s climate is characterized by warmth throughout the year, but there are optimal times to visit based on your preferences. The temperature remains consistently warm, averaging between 75°F and 88°F (24°C-31°C), making it an attractive destination for travelers seeking tropical weather.

Weather and Seasons in French Guiana

French Guiana has a tropical climate with two main seasons: the dry season (from July to November) and the wet season. During the dry season, you’ll experience less rainfall and humidity, making it ideal for exploring the rainforest and coastal areas.

Peak Tourist Seasons

The peak tourist season in Cayenne is between December and June, coinciding with various natural and cultural events. While this period offers a vibrant atmosphere, it also means larger crowds and potentially higher prices. If you prefer fewer tourists, consider visiting during the shoulder season.

When to See Sea Turtles Nesting

If witnessing sea turtles nesting is on your bucket list, plan your visit between April and July. During this time, leatherback, green, and olive ridley turtles come ashore to lay their eggs, offering a unique and unforgettable experience.

By understanding the seasonal rhythms of Cayenne, you can tailor your trip to make the most of your time in this beautiful French Guiana city.

How to Get to Cayenne, French Guiana

If you’re planning a trip to Cayenne, French Guiana, you’ll need to know your travel options. The capital city is accessible by air, with most international travelers arriving at Félix Eboué Airport (CAY).

International Flights to Félix Eboué Airport

Air France operates regular flights from Paris, while Air Caraïbes connects French Guiana with Guadeloupe, Martinique, and Haiti. For travelers from North America, a connection through Paris or a Caribbean hub is typically required.

Traveling Overland from Neighboring Countries

For the adventurous, it’s possible to reach French Guiana by boat from neighboring countries like Suriname or Brazil, though this requires more planning and time.

Entry Requirements for French Guiana

Although French Guiana is part of France, it’s not in the Schengen Zone. Most visitors can stay up to 90 days without a visa. Understanding these entry requirements is crucial for a smooth trip.

Key Travel Tips:

• Book flights to Félix Eboué Airport (CAY) with airlines like Air France and Air Caraïbes.
• Plan for connections if traveling from North America.
• Consider regional flights from South American cities.
• Explore overland travel options for a more adventurous journey.
• Understand that French Guiana allows up to 90 days of stay without a visa for most visitors.

By choosing the right travel option, you can ensure a smooth and enjoyable journey to Cayenne, French Guiana.

Exploring Cayenne’s Historic Center

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Exploring Cayenne’s historic center is like stepping into a living museum, where every street and building tells a story. This vibrant area is filled with historic landmarks, cultural experiences, and architectural treasures that showcase the unique heritage of French Guiana.

Place des Palmistes: The Heart of the City

Place des Palmistes is the linchpin of social life in Cayenne, a large square lined with palms and surrounded by charming Creole houses with wooden balconies housing shops, bars, and eateries. At the center of the square stands a statue of Félix Éboué, a Guianan administrator who made history by becoming the first Black man to hold a senior colonial position.

Cayenne Cathedral and Colonial Architecture

The Cayenne Cathedral, completed in 1833, is a stunning example of colonial architecture. Its distinctive yellow exterior and beautiful wooden interior elements crafted from local materials make it a must-visit site in the city.

Fort Cépérou and Panoramic Views

Perched on a headland on the west side of Cayenne, the remains of Fort Cépérou offer panoramic views of the city and coastline. Built in 1643 and named after an Amerindian chief, the fort’s elevated position makes it a great spot to take in the beauty of the surrounding area.

Colorful Creole Houses

Wandering the streets of Cayenne’s historic center, you’ll be struck by the colorful Creole houses that give the city its distinctive architectural character. With their vibrant facades and ornate wooden balconies, these houses are a testament to the city’s rich cultural heritage.

Must-Visit Museums in Cayenne

Cayenne’s museums are a treasure trove of information about French Guiana’s past, present, and the diverse people who inhabit this unique place. You can explore the rich cultural heritage and history of the region through the various exhibits and collections.

Musée Départemental De Franconie

The Musée Départemental De Franconie is housed in a lovely Creole mansion with pale yellow weatherboarding and blue shutters. This museum presents a cross-section of life in French Guiana from its foundation to the present day. The galleries feature a quirky miscellany of minerals, historic paintings, and Amerindian crafts. You can learn about the notorious 19th-century serial killer D’Chimbo and Félix Éboué, one of Guiana’s most famous sons.

Musée des Cultures Guyanaises

Located in a beautifully refurbished Creole house on Rue Madame Payée, the Musée des Cultures Guyanaises showcases the diversity of native ethnic groups in French Guiana. The museum provides a fascinating overview of the culture and story of the native Amerindians, Creoles, Maroons, and more recent immigrant populations like the Haitians, Brazilians, and the Hmong people from southeast Asia.

Other Cultural Attractions

In addition to these museums, Cayenne offers other cultural attractions that are worth visiting. You can explore the rich cultural diversity of French Guiana through its various artifacts, including textiles, baskets, earthenware, jewelry, and traditional weapons. The museums and cultural institutions in Cayenne provide a comprehensive look at the history and culture of this unique South American destination.

Cayenne’s Vibrant Markets and Local Cuisine

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As you wander through the vibrant streets of Cayenne, the capital of French Guiana, you’ll discover a melting pot of cultures that is reflected in its bustling markets and diverse local cuisine. The city’s market, located a couple of blocks down from Place des Palmistes on Rue de Lieutenant Becker, operates on Wednesdays, Fridays, and Saturdays, offering a taste of Guianan culture.

Place Victor Schoelcher Market

The Place Victor Schoelcher Market is a must-visit destination in Cayenne, where you can immerse yourself in authentic Guianan culture. The market is a treasure trove of diverse culinary offerings, including Vietnamese pho noodles and local rum punches, reflecting the territory’s multicultural heritage. You can browse stalls selling fresh produce from across French Guiana and neighboring countries, including familiar fruits like mangoes and pineapples, alongside exotic options like awara and rambutan.

Must-Try Local Dishes and Flavors

French Guiana’s cuisine is a unique fusion of French, Creole, Caribbean, Vietnamese, Chinese, and South American flavors. Be sure to try signature specialties like Awara broth, a complex stew made with awara fruit paste, or colombo, a curry-like dish enhanced with coconut milk. Other must-try dishes include bouillon d’aurora, a mix of smoked fish, vegetables, and sometimes chicken, and pimentade, a dish of meat or fish marinated in a lemony chili sauce.

Where to Eat in Cayenne

Cayenne offers a range of dining options, from casual market stalls to charming restaurants serving authentic Guianan cuisine. Local markets are excellent places to sample authentic dishes and tropical fruits. Whether you’re in the mood for something familiar or want to try something new, Cayenne’s culinary scene has something to offer.

The Infamous Îles du Salut (Devil’s Islands)

French Guiana’s Îles du Salut is a trio of volcanic islands that once housed one of history’s most notorious penal colonies. Located 14 kilometers off the coast of Kourou, these islands are a must-visit destination for anyone interested in history, particularly the dark history of the penal colony that operated from the 1850s to 1946.

The History of the Penal Colony

The Îles du Salut, also known as the Salvation Islands, have a complex and somber history. From 1852 to 1938, more than 80,000 prisoners were sent to the penal colony from all over the French Empire. The harsh conditions and poor sanitation led to a high mortality rate among the prisoners. Famous inmates included Alfred Dreyfus, who was eventually exonerated, and Henri “Papillon” Charrière, whose memoirs detailed his escape attempts.

The penal colony was a place of exile for many, and the story of those who were sent there is a haunting one. Visitors can explore the remains of the prison buildings and graveyards on Île Royale and Île Saint-Joseph, now partially reclaimed by tropical vegetation and inhabited by monkeys and capybaras.

Visiting Île Royale and Île Saint-Joseph

You can take a catamaran or motorboat from Cayenne to the Îles du Salut. Once on the islands, you can wander through the remnants of the penal colony, experiencing the harsh realities of life there. The islands offer a unique experience, allowing visitors to understand the historical significance of the site.

The islands are not just a historical site; they are also a haven for wildlife. The tropical vegetation and the presence of monkeys and capybaras add to the richness of the visit.

Following Papillon’s Footsteps

For fans of Henri “Papillon” Charrière’s memoir, visiting the Îles du Salut is a chance to follow in his footsteps. You can explore the sites mentioned in his book, gaining insight into the brutal conditions and desperate escape attempts that defined this dark chapter in French colonial history. The story of Papillon is an integral part of the history of the penal colony, and experiencing the islands firsthand brings his tale to life.

Visiting the Îles du Salut is an experience that combines history, nature, and a touch of adventure, making it a unique part of any trip to French Guiana.

Cayenne, French Guiana: Best Things to Do for Nature Lovers

Nature enthusiasts will find Cayenne, French Guiana, to be a paradise, with its lush wetlands, vibrant wildlife, and picturesque landscapes waiting to be discovered. The region offers a diverse range of activities and experiences that allow visitors to immerse themselves in the natural beauty of French Guiana.

Kaw Marshes: Wildlife Paradise

The Kaw Marshes, located about 1.5 to 2 hours from Cayenne, cover thousands of square kilometers of wetlands teeming with wildlife, including black caimans and the striking scarlet ibis. Guided boat tours are the best way to explore this wilderness, with options ranging from day trips to overnight excursions where you can stay in traditional Amerindian-style huts.

Zoo de Guyane: Jungle Wildlife Up Close

Set deep in the jungle, Zoo de Guyane offers an excellent introduction to the wildlife of French Guiana in naturalistic settings. The zoo houses over 450 animals representing around 75 different species native to the Amazon, including sloths, agoutis, howler monkeys, anteaters, and a variety of birds. Be sure to catch the feeding times, especially for the jaguars, which are a highlight of any visit.

Botanical Gardens and Nature Trails

The Botanical Gardens of Cayenne provide a tranquil oasis in the heart of the city, with ample tropical vegetation and winding paths that weave through the fronds, crossing a pond and leading up to a statue of Gaston Monnerville. This is an ideal place to experience the natural beauty of French Guiana, with well-labeled plants and a serene atmosphere.

Whether you’re exploring the Kaw Marshes, visiting the Zoo de Guyane, or strolling through the Botanical Gardens, Cayenne offers a unique experience for nature lovers. The region’s rich biodiversity and picturesque landscapes make it an ideal destination for those who appreciate the forest and its inhabitants.

• Explore the vast Kaw Marshes, located just 1.5-2 hours from Cayenne, where thousands of square kilometers of wetlands teem with wildlife including black caimans and the striking scarlet ibis.
• Take guided boat tours through this wilderness paradise, with options ranging from day trips to overnight excursions where you can stay in traditional Amerindian-style huts.
• Visit the Zoo de Guyane, set deep in the jungle, which houses over 450 animals representing around 75 different species native to the Amazon in naturalistic habitats.
• Walk the treetop canopy paths at the zoo to gain a unique perspective of the forest from above, and don’t miss the jaguar feeding times, which are a highlight of any visit.
• Enjoy the shade and tranquility of Cayenne’s Botanical Gardens, the largest landscaped space in the city dating back to the early 19th century, with well-labeled tropical vegetation and winding paths.
• Hike through the Trésor Nature Reserve, which protects a significant portion of the Kaw ecosystem, to see ancient petroglyphs and colorful poison dart frogs on Mont Favard.

Beach Experiences Near Cayenne

The coastline around Cayenne has a distinct character shaped by the powerful Cayenne and Mahury rivers, which deposit silt along the coast, making the shoreline muddy and the water somewhat murky. Despite this, the area offers unique beach experiences that are worth exploring.

Remire-Montjoly Beach

One of the most accessible and enjoyable beaches near Cayenne is Plage Rémire-Montjoly, located just 15 minutes from the city center. This palm-lined beach provides a taste of the ocean and is a good alternative to the typical hotel or municipal pools that many locals prefer due to the sometimes murky coastal waters.

Turtle Watching Opportunities

Between April and July, Remire-Montjoly Beach becomes a nesting site for sea turtles, including leatherback, green, and olive ridley turtles. Witnessing these magnificent creatures laying their eggs at night is a memorable experience. For an even more impressive turtle-watching experience, consider visiting Hattes Beach at Awala-Yalimapo, known as the world’s most important nesting site for giant leatherback turtles.

Water Activities and Safety Tips

While enjoying the beach experiences near Cayenne, it’s essential to be aware of the water conditions. The coast can have strong currents and varying water quality. Always follow safety guidelines and check local advisories before engaging in water activities. This ensures a safe and enjoyable experience for you and your family.

Day Trip to the Guiana Space Centre

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Embark on a journey to the Guiana Space Centre, Europe’s primary spaceport located in the heart of the Amazonian jungle. The centre is a fascinating destination that offers a unique experience for visitors interested in space exploration and technology.

Europe’s Spaceport in the Jungle

The Guiana Space Centre, also known as the Centre Spatial Guyanais, is situated near Kourou, approximately an hour’s drive from Cayenne. This strategic location near the equator provides significant advantages for launching satellites and spacecraft due to the Earth’s rotation, making it an ideal spot for Europe’s space program.

Tour Options and What You’ll See

The centre offers free guided tours that provide unprecedented access to an active spaceport. During the approximately three-hour tour, you can visit the Jupiter Control Centre, view the launch facilities, and explore the on-site Space Museum to learn about the history of space exploration and the role of the centre in current missions.

Witnessing a Rocket Launch

If you’re lucky enough to be in French Guiana during a scheduled launch, you can witness the spectacular sight of a rocket blasting off into space. This is a truly unforgettable experience that highlights the significance of the Guiana Space Centre in the global space industry.

To make the most of your trip to the Guiana Space Centre, it’s recommended to plan ahead, including reserving your spot on the guided tour and checking the launch schedule. With its unique blend of technology, nature, and adventure, the Guiana Space Centre is a must-visit destination for anyone traveling to French Guiana.

Unique Cultural Experiences in and Around Cayenne

Experience the vibrant culture of Cayenne, French Guiana, through its unique events and traditions. The city offers a blend of French and Guianese cultures, making it a fascinating destination.

Cayenne’s Epic Carnival Celebrations

Cayenne’s Carnival is one of the longest and most vibrant in the world, running from Epiphany in early January to Ash Wednesday in February or March. The carnival has its roots in Creole culture, dating back to the days of slavery when it was a secret way for people to celebrate and satirize their European colonizers.

Throughout the carnival period, you can enjoy masked balls every Friday and Saturday night, culminating in four days of elaborate parades and events like burlesque weddings where men and women swap gender roles.

Visiting Hmong Village in Cacao

The Hmong village of Cacao, located on the Comté River south of Cayenne, offers a glimpse into the culture of the Hmong people who were resettled here from Laos in the 1970s. The village is known for its traditional embroidery, weaving, and delicious noodle soups.

Visit the village on a Sunday to explore the popular market and purchase Hmong handicrafts. You can also visit the Le Planeur Bleu insect museum, which houses an extensive collection of butterflies.

Amerindian Cultural Encounters

The Amerindian people, particularly the Wayana, continue to follow their traditional lives in the riverside villages along the Haut-Maroni and Haut-Oyapic rivers. To visit these villages, you need to obtain a permit from the Prefecture in Cayenne.

Experiencing the culture of the Amerindian people is a unique opportunity to learn about their ancestral customs and practices.

Adventure Activities in French Guiana

For those seeking adventure, French Guiana is a paradise waiting to be explored. The region offers a diverse range of activities that allow you to experience its untamed beauty.

Pirogue River Trips Through the Amazon

One of the most authentic ways to experience French Guiana’s wilderness is by taking a pirogue (traditional dugout canoe) trip along one of the country’s many rivers. The Maroni River, which forms the border with Suriname, is particularly popular for these excursions, offering opportunities to visit Amerindian and Maroon villages and learn about their cultures.

Canoeing Down the Rapids

Spots like Kourou, Iracabo, Counamana, and the lower Sinnamary are great for canoeing through the rapids. The rivers are a mixture of calm water and more challenging rapids, such as those at Hermina, providing an exciting experience for adventure seekers.

Jungle Trekking and Wildlife Spotting

The Mont Caïa trail offers a taste of tropical forest without venturing far from Cayenne. This six-kilometer circular trail loops around the 149-meter Mont Caïa, providing photo-friendly views of the coast and opportunities to spot diverse wildlife, including monkeys, sloths, and colorful birds.

Whether you’re canoeing down the rapids or trekking through the jungle, French Guiana offers an unforgettable adventure experience. With its rich cultural heritage and diverse wildlife, this region is a must-visit destination for any adventure enthusiast.

Where to Stay in Cayenne

From luxury hotels to unique cultural experiences, Cayenne has a wide array of options for travelers to stay and enjoy the city’s charm. Whether you’re looking for modern amenities or traditional lodging, the city caters to different tastes and preferences.

Best Hotels and Accommodations

Cayenne offers a range of accommodations, from international hotel chains to locally-owned boutique hotels housed in restored colonial buildings. Staying in the city center near the main square allows you to enjoy the colonial architecture, vibrant markets, and easy access to restaurants, bars, and cultural attractions.

Unique Lodging Experiences

For a truly immersive experience, consider staying in a “carbet,” a traditional Amerindian shelter in the heart of the Amazon rainforest. These open-air structures feature hammocks for sleeping and offer a complete disconnection from modern life. Many tour operators offer carbet stays with additional services such as meals prepared with local products and guided excursions.

Neighborhood Guide for Travelers

When choosing where to stay in Cayenne, consider the historic center for culture and nightlife, Remire-Montjoly for beach access and upscale accommodations, or Matoury for proximity to the airport. Booking accommodations well in advance is recommended, especially during Carnival season and the peak turtle nesting period.

Getting Around Cayenne and French Guiana

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Traveling in French Guiana involves choosing the right transportation method for your needs. The country’s limited public transportation system makes it essential to plan ahead.

Public Transportation Options

You can navigate Cayenne using the affordable public bus system, with tickets costing around 1 euro. This is a budget-friendly way to explore the city center and immediate surroundings.

Renting a Car in French Guiana

Renting a car, preferably a 4×4 vehicle, from the Cayenne airport is highly recommended if you plan to explore beyond the city. Many attractions require off-road driving, making a 4×4 vehicle a necessity.

Guided Tours vs. Independent Exploration

For remote destinations like the interior rainforest or river areas, consider guided tours that often include transportation, expert knowledge, and access to locations difficult to reach independently. You can also arrange boat transportation through tour operators for visiting offshore attractions like the Salvation Islands.

Key Transportation Options:

• Navigate Cayenne using the affordable public bus system.
• Utilize taxis for convenient city transportation.
• Rent a car for exploring beyond the city.
• Take advantage of intercity buses for longer journeys.
• Consider guided tours for remote destinations.
• Arrange boat transportation for offshore attractions.

Practical Travel Tips for Visiting Cayenne

As you plan your trip to Cayenne, French Guiana, it’s essential to be prepared for the unique aspects of traveling in this South American destination. With some practical knowledge, you can make the most of your visit and enjoy the rich cultural heritage and natural beauty of the region.

Language and Communication

French is the official language of French Guiana, and while English is not widely spoken outside tourist areas, learning basic French phrases will greatly enhance your experience. Creole and indigenous languages are also common in certain communities. To stay connected, consider renting a local SIM card, as mobile coverage is good in coastal areas and towns but can be non-existent in the interior.

Currency and Payment Methods

French Guiana uses the euro as its currency, making it convenient for European travelers. However, it’s essential to bring plenty of cash, as many establishments don’t accept credit cards. You can exchange your currency at banks or currency exchange offices in Cayenne.

Safety Information

Cayenne is generally considered safe compared to many South American destinations. However, travelers should remain vigilant about potential tourist scams. Be aware of your surroundings, and keep valuables secure. It’s also a good idea to register with your government’s travel advisory department to stay informed about local conditions.

What to Pack for Your Trip

Pack essentials for a tropical climate, including lightweight clothing, rain gear, strong insect repellent, sunscreen, a reusable water bottle, and comfortable walking shoes. Don’t forget to include any personal medications and a first-aid kit.

Planning Your Perfect Cayenne Adventure

Cayenne, the capital of French Guiana, is a fascinating destination that combines history, culture, and nature in a way that’s hard to find elsewhere. As you plan your trip to this unique South American territory, consider balancing your itinerary with a mix of historic sites in Cayenne and day trips to natural wonders like the Kaw Marshes.

Timing is crucial when visiting French Guiana. The dry season, from July to November, is ideal for general exploration, while the turtle nesting season, from April to July, is perfect for wildlife enthusiasts. If you’re looking for cultural immersion, plan your visit during Carnival in January or February.

To make the most of your trip to Cayenne, allow at least 5-7 days. This will give you enough time to explore the city’s historic center, visit the Guiana Space Centre, and take an overnight excursion to the Devil’s Islands. With careful planning, your visit to French Guiana will be an unforgettable adventure.

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The above is subject to change.

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