Home to three of Indonesia’s most endangered species—the Sumatran tiger, Sumatran elephant, and Sumatran rhinoceros—South Bukit Barisan National Park protects over 3,568 km² (1,378 sq mi) of pristine rainforest along Sumatra’s southwestern spine. This UNESCO World Heritage Site shelters an astonishing 25% of Indonesia’s mammal species within its boundaries, making it one of the most biologically significant protected areas in Southeast Asia.
Park Overview: A Biodiversity Hotspot
The lush rainforest canopy of South Bukit Barisan National Park stretches across Sumatra’s southwestern coast
South Bukit Barisan National Park (BBSNP), also known as Bukit Barisan Selatan National Park, spans three provinces in Sumatra: Lampung, South Sumatra, and Bengkulu. Established as a Wildlife Sanctuary in 1935 and designated as a National Park in 1982, it forms part of the Tropical Rainforest Heritage of Sumatra alongside Gunung Leuser and Kerinci Seblat National Parks.
The park features diverse ecosystems ranging from lowland rainforests to mountainous highlands and pristine coastal areas. Its varied landscapes provide habitats for numerous endemic species, including the critically endangered Sumatran tiger, Sumatran rhinoceros, and Sumatran elephant—three flagship species that conservation efforts focus on protecting.
Getting There & Planning Your Journey
Bandar Lampung serves as the main gateway city to South Bukit Barisan National Park
The main entry point to South Bukit Barisan National Park is through Bandar Lampung, the capital of Lampung Province. Several airlines offer direct flights from Jakarta to Radin Inten II Airport in Bandar Lampung, with the flight taking approximately 45 minutes.
From Bandar Lampung:
- Take a bus from Rajabasa Terminal to Kota Agung (2-3 hours)
- From Kota Agung, obtain a permit at the Forest Protection and Natural Conservation (PHPA) office
- Continue to the park entrance at Tampang via boat ride from Kota Agung harbor (5-7 hours)
Alternative Routes:
- Sedaya-Suwoh route (accessible during dry season only)
- From Kota Agung, take a minibus to Sedaya
- From Sedaya, hire a motorbike taxi (“ojek”) to Suwoh or Sukaraja Atas
South Bukit Barisan National Park spans across three provinces in southwestern Sumatra
Best Time to Visit & Weather Tips
Misty mornings are common in the park, especially during the dry season
The best time to visit South Bukit Barisan National Park is during the dry season, which typically runs from May to September. During these months, trails are more accessible, and wildlife viewing opportunities are generally better. The January to May period is particularly special as it coincides with the blooming of the rare Rafflesia arnoldii, the world’s largest flower.
| Season | Months | Weather | Highlights |
| Dry Season | May – September | 23-32°C (73-90°F), less rainfall | Better trail conditions, increased wildlife activity |
| Wet Season | October – April | 22-30°C (72-86°F), heavy rainfall | Lush vegetation, flowing waterfalls, fewer visitors |
| Rafflesia Season | January – May | Varies | Chance to see the rare Rafflesia arnoldii in bloom |
Packing Tip: Regardless of when you visit, bring lightweight, quick-drying clothes, good hiking boots, insect repellent, and rain gear. The rainforest environment can be humid and unpredictable, with afternoon showers common even during the dry season.
Wildlife & Natural Wonders
The critically endangered Sumatran tiger is one of the park’s most iconic residents
South Bukit Barisan National Park is renowned for its exceptional biodiversity and is home to some of Sumatra’s most iconic and endangered wildlife. The park has been identified as a “Tiger Conservation Unit I” by international conservation organizations, marking it as one of the most important forest areas for tiger conservation worldwide.
Flagship Species:
- Sumatran Tiger (Panthera tigris sumatrae)
- Sumatran Elephant (Elephas maximus sumatranus)
- Sumatran Rhinoceros (Dicerorhinus sumatrensis)
- Malayan Tapir (Tapirus indicus)
- Siamang Gibbon (Hylobates syndactylus)
Other Notable Wildlife:
- Sun Bear (Helarctos malayanus)
- Black-crested Sumatran Langur
- Sumatran Ground Cuckoo
- Sumatran Striped Rabbit
- Over 300 bird species
The rare Rafflesia arnoldii, the world’s largest flower, can be found blooming in the park
The park is also home to fascinating geological phenomena, including Lake Suoh, a volcanic lake perpetually covered in white steam due to underground volcanic activity. This lake’s formation is linked to a powerful earthquake and volcanic eruption in 1933, which created four unique mineral-rich lakes: Asam, Lebar, Minyak, and Belibis.
Top Activities & Experiences
Trekking through the park’s pristine rainforest offers unforgettable experiences
South Bukit Barisan National Park offers a range of activities for nature enthusiasts and adventure seekers. From wildlife spotting to hiking through pristine rainforests, there’s something for everyone to enjoy in this natural paradise.
Wildlife Watching
Join guided wildlife tours for the best chance to spot the park’s iconic species. Early morning and late afternoon offer optimal viewing opportunities when animals are most active.
Trekking & Hiking
Explore the park’s diverse ecosystems on well-marked trails ranging from easy walks to challenging multi-day treks. Popular routes include the Tampang Belimbing trail and paths around Lake Suoh.
Waterfall Visits
Discover the refreshing Sepapa Kiri Waterfall, one of the park’s hidden gems. The cascading waters provide a perfect spot for cooling off after a trek through the humid rainforest.
The mysterious Lake Suoh with its perpetual steam from volcanic activity
Bird Watching
With over 300 bird species, including the rare Sumatran ground cuckoo, the park is a paradise for bird enthusiasts. Bring binoculars and a field guide to make the most of your experience.
Photography
Capture the park’s breathtaking landscapes, from misty mountains to pristine beaches. The diverse ecosystems and wildlife provide endless opportunities for nature photography.
Coastal Exploration
Visit the park’s western boundary along the Indian Ocean, where pristine beaches meet rainforest. These areas are important nesting grounds for sea turtles during certain seasons.
Where to Stay
Eco-lodges offer immersive stays close to nature around the park
Accommodation options around South Bukit Barisan National Park range from basic guesthouses to comfortable eco-lodges. Most visitors choose to stay in nearby towns like Kota Agung, Liwa, or Krui, which offer easier access to the park.
Kota Agung
This coastal town serves as the main gateway to the park from the east. It offers several modest hotels and guesthouses with basic amenities. Staying here provides convenient access to the PHPA office for permits.
Liwa
Located in the highlands north of the park, Liwa offers cooler temperatures and stunning mountain views. Accommodation options include mid-range hotels and homestays that provide a more authentic local experience.
Krui
This coastal town on the western side of the park is popular with surfers and offers a range of accommodations from budget guesthouses to comfortable resorts. It’s an excellent base for exploring both the park and nearby beaches.
Insider Tip: For a truly immersive experience, consider staying at one of the eco-lodges near the park boundaries. These sustainable accommodations often offer guided tours and contribute to local conservation efforts. Book well in advance as availability is limited.
Practical Travel Tips
Proper preparation is essential for a safe and enjoyable visit to the park
Visiting South Bukit Barisan National Park requires careful planning and preparation. Here are some essential tips to ensure a safe and enjoyable experience:
Permits & Guides
- Obtain necessary permits from the PHPA office in Kota Agung before entering the park
- Hire a local guide for better navigation and wildlife spotting
- Guides can be arranged through your accommodation or at the park office
- Expect to pay around IDR 300,000-500,000 per day for guide services
Health & Safety
- Bring insect repellent with DEET to protect against mosquitoes
- Pack a basic first aid kit including antihistamines and pain relievers
- Wear long sleeves and pants to protect against insects and scratches
- Stay hydrated and bring water purification tablets or a filter
What to Pack
- Lightweight, quick-drying clothes
- Sturdy hiking boots with good ankle support
- Rain gear (even during dry season)
- Binoculars for wildlife viewing
- Headlamp or flashlight with extra batteries
- Reusable water bottle and water purification method
Etiquette & Conservation
- Follow Leave No Trace principles—pack out all trash
- Stay on designated trails to minimize impact
- Maintain a respectful distance from wildlife
- Do not collect plants or disturb animals
- Support local conservation efforts when possible
“Visit early in the morning to experience the park’s wildlife at its most active. The magical hours just after sunrise offer the best opportunities for spotting animals and enjoying the forest before the heat of the day.”
Plan Your South Bukit Barisan Adventure
The breathtaking sunset views from the park’s highlands are worth the journey
South Bukit Barisan National Park offers a rare glimpse into one of Indonesia’s most pristine ecosystems. From endangered wildlife to stunning landscapes, this UNESCO World Heritage Site provides unforgettable experiences for nature lovers and adventure seekers alike.
Whether you’re trekking through ancient rainforests, spotting rare wildlife, or simply soaking in the natural beauty, a visit to this remarkable park will leave you with a deeper appreciation for Indonesia’s incredible biodiversity and the importance of conservation efforts.
The above is subject to change.
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